misteri jejak warisan

KERAJAAN-KERAJAAN MELAYU AWAL

2011-12-15T08:01:00.000+08:00

7 Wasiat Raja-Raja Melayu

2011-12-15T08:00:00.001+08:00

Kami namakan dan kami panggil dia, bumi yang kamu pijak dan langit yang kamu junjung PERSEKUTUAN TANAH MELAYU (sekarang dikenali dengan nama Malaysia);
Kami isytiharkan dan kami simpan untuk kamu dan kami benarkan kamu isytihar dan simpan untuk anak cucu kamu, selain gunung-ganang, tasik dan hutan simpan, TANAH SIMPANAN MELAYU sehingga nisbah 50 peratus, selebihnya kamu rebutlah bersama-sama kaum lain;
Bagi menjaga kamu dan bagi melindungi anak cucu kamu serta harta hak milik kamu, kami tubuhkan REJIMEN ASKAR MELAYU selain untuk membanteras kekacauan dalam negara dan ancaman dari luar negara;
Kami kekalkan dan kami jamin Kerajaan dan Kedaulatan RAJA-RAJA MELAYU memerintah negara ini;
Kami isytiharkan ISLAM adalah Agama Persekutuan;
Kami tetapkan bahasa kebangsaan ialah BAHASA MELAYU;
Kami amanahkan dan kami pertanggungjawabkan kepada Raja-Raja Melayu untuk melindungi KEDUDUKAN ISTIMEWA ORANG MELAYU dan KEPENTINGAN SAH KAUM-KAUM LAIN. (Kemudian ditambah kedudukan istimewa anak negeriSabah dan Sarawak).^[1]

Wasiat sembilan Raja Melayu itu terdiri dari empat Negeri Melayu Bersekutu dan lima Negeri Melayu Tidak Bersekutu, disampaikan sebelum Merdeka kepada rakyat Melayu, yang merupakan rakyat asal dan subjek Raja-Raja Melayu.

Wasiat ini dihasilkan atas kehendak Raja-Raja Melayu untuk mengekalkan kesinambungan sejarah, kedaulatan, dan kuasa politik Melayu (yang terletak pada Raja-Raja Melayu) kepada kesinambungan kedaultan negara kepada Raja-Raja Melayu serta mendapat penerimaan rakyat melalui wakil-wakil sah yang mempunyai locus standi, maka Perlembagaan Persekutuan mempunyai fasal-fasal tertentu.

Raja Nazrin Shah telah merujuk kepada :

Perkara 3 (1) (2) (3) dan (5)
Perkara 11
Perkara 12
Perkara 38 (5)
Perkara 152
Perkara 153
Perkara 181 (1).

Fasal-fasal ini memerlukan izin Majlis Raja-Raja Melayu untuk sebarang pindaan.

Royal Installation Negeri Sembilan Darul Khusus

2009-10-26T00:47:00.000+08:00

A Film Negara Malaysia video of the installation of the Ninth Yang Di-Pertuan Besar of Negeri Sembilan, Tuanku Munawir ibni Almarhum Tuanku Abdul Rahman who died in 1967.

Hikayat Pak Kadok dan Sultan Perak

2008-06-25T23:03:00.001+08:00

Lagenda Ikan Tapah - Hikayat Pak Kadok

Cerita ini bermula dari mulut ke mulut dan dikumpulkan oleh Haji Pandak Logam Bin Pandak Demat salah saorang keturunan Pak Kaduk yang terlibat sepenuhnya menyimpan dan menjaga emas kerongsang Ikan Tapah, beliau dilahirkan pada tahun 1873 dan telah meninggal dunia pada tahun 1963 dalam usia 90 tahun

Bermula Kisah
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Di zaman pemerintahan Sultan Muzafar Shah Ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Mansur Shah, permainan menyabung ayam amatlah disukai ramai, ianya menjadi satu temasya hiburan di samping menonton dan berjudi. Permainan ini melibatkan semua golongan daripada rakyat jelata, bangsawan sehinggalah Sultan.

Si Kaduk
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Kebetulan pada zaman itu, seorang pemuda berketurunan raja daripada Negeri Siak, Sumatera yang bernama Kaduk memulakan pelayaran datang ke Negeri Perak untuk mencari tempat baru, akhirnya telah sampai ke satu tempat di tepi Sungai Perak bernama Lambor (Menurut cerita mulut Pandak Logam) di Kampung Pulau, Lambor Kiri, di sana Kaduk diterima baik oleh masyarakat kampung dan akhirnya dijodohkan dengan seorang gadis kampung dan menetap beberapa lama di sana (Kampung Pulau Lambor Kiri). Kaduk mempunyai kegemaran menangkap ikan, mencari rotan dan menyabung ayam. Adapun menyabung ayam adalah satu permainan yang amat digemarinya

Ayam
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Pada suatu hari Kaduk ternampak seekor ular sedang menggonggong sebiji telur ayam dan meletakkannya di atas tanah berhampiran rumahnya, kemudian ular tersebut pun berundur dan menghilangkan diri. Kaduk pun mengambil telur tersebut dan dieramkan oleh ayamnya. Telur tersebut akhirnya menjadi seekor ayam sabung yang cantik dan handal dan dinamakan Biring Si Kunani. Ayam ini sentiasa menang dalam semua pertandingan sehinggakan semua penduduk termasuk pembesar Istana takut dan tidak mahu menyabung dengan ayam Kaduk. Kaduk menjadi resah kerana tidak menyabung dan akhirnya Kaduk menerima apa juga syarat yang dikenakan asalkan dia dapat menyabung ayam

Pertarungan Ayam
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Berita kehebatan ayam sabungan Kaduk mendapat perhatian daripada Sultan, lalu baginda mencabar Kaduk untuk menyabung ayam dengan syarat yang ditetapkan oleh Sultan. Syarat-syaratnya ialah: Ayam Kaduk hendaklah ditukarkan dengan ayam Sultan yang bernama Si Jalak Putih Mata . Pertaruhannya adalah kampung halaman dan isi rumahnya

Dan di pihak Sultan pula:
Kaduk akan diberikan sebahagian kuasa memerintah dan kawasan negeri jika ayam Sultan kalah.
Tanpa berfikir panjang Kaduk menerima syarat-syarat tersebut kerana sudah lama tidak menyabung ayam.

Rumah Hjh Hasmah, Kg Tua

Kekalahan
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Sebagaimana yang dijangkakan pada peringkat awal, ayam Kaduk yang ditukarkan dengan Sultan telah menang. Kaduk pun bersorak kerana ayamnya menang, tetapi dia lupa bahawa ayam itu telah menjadi milik Sultan. Setelah pengumuman dibuat baru lah Kaduk sedar bahawa dia telah dipermainkan oleh Sultan.

Maka dengan berpegang pada janji dan syarat penyabungan Kaduk terpaksa menyerahkan kampung halamannya, isteri dan anak perempuannya kepada Sultan, hanya yang tinggal pada Kaduk sehelai sepinggang dan seekor kucing kerana masa Sultan mengambil pertaruhan kucing tersebut tiada di rumah, kalau tidak semuanya akan menjadi milik Sultan.

Kaduk pun berundur ke sebuah pulau (Pulau adalah satu tempat di tepi tebing Sungai Perak dimana orang menanam padi Huma) bersama kucingnya dan tinggal di sebuah dangau. Sambil Kaduk memikirkan masa hadapannya kucing itu datang sambil mengiau-ngiau dan mengigit kaki kaduk seakan memberitahu sesuatu, puas juga dihalau kucing tersebut tetap juga begitu.

Kaduk pun mengikut kucing tersebut ke tepi tebing sungai, apa yang didapatinya ialah seekor ikan tapah yang besar, Kaduk pun berlari ke dangau dan mengambil mata tuai yang terselit di celah atap lalu dibelahnya perut ikan tapah tersebut dan keluarlah emas dengan banyaknya. Kaduk bersyukur dan beranggapan itu adalah rezeki daripada Tuhan

Sumpah
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Maka Kaduk pun menjahit perut ikan Tapah tersebut dengan menggunakan jarum patah dan berbenangkan urat batang pisang lalu melepaskan ikan itu semula ke dalam sungai. Semasa inilah Kaduk melafazkan sumpahnya yang berbunyi:

"Mulai hari ini dan kehadapan, aku tidak menyabong lagi, dan aku, anak isteri aku, cucu-cicit aku, piyat-piyut aku, empas-empas endaun, entahkan ia entahkan bukan tidak boleh memakan, menganiaya atau mengkianati akan Ikan Tapah. Barang siapa melanggar sumpah ku, akan mendapat sakit gatal, melecur dan bengkak-bengkak, kiranya tahan badan tidak selamat hidupnya..."

Ikan Tapah itu terus menyelam dan timbul sekali seolah mengucap selamat tinggal dan kemudiannya hilang ke dalam air

Hajah Hasmah Binti Pandak Logam yang kini tinggal di Kampung Tua, Batu 16, Lambor Kanan

Tebus
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Kaduk pun pergilah mengadap Sultan dan menebus kampung halamannya dan anak isterinya, dan bakinya sebahagian disimpan untuk menyara hidupnya dan sebahagian lagi dibawa ke Kampar untuk dijadikan barangan perhiasan, kerana di zaman itu tukang emas hanya berada di Kampar Sumatera sahaja.

Kepada anak cucu Kaduk, sebagaimana disebut dalam sumpahannya dan telah terkena penyakit yang disebutkan kerana memakan, mengkhianat secara sengaja atau tidak sengaja, terkena air-air dari Ikan Tapah maka ubatnya ialah dengan menyapu atau meminum air yang direndam Kerongsang Emas Tapah sebagai penawar bisa sumpahan tersebut. Adalah difahamkan bahawa ada keturunan Kaduk yang tidak boleh melintasi asap masakan isteri jika yang dimasak itu adalah ikan Tapah. Setelah segala nya selesai Kaduk tidak menyabung lagi dan hiduplah Kaduk dalam aman damai dan sentiasa mensyukuri rezeki yang diberikan Allah serta melakukan amal ibadah dengan taatnya sehingga berlaku perkara-perkara luar biasa

Diantaranya Sultan Perak melantik Kaduk menjadi Orang Besar Jajahan yang membawa gelaran Tok Tua Sakti yang mana tugasnya memberi nasihat dan tujuk ajar kepada Datok Bendahara Garang mengenai selok belok tempat di Aceh dalam usaha membawa pulang Puteri Limau Purut dari Istana Aceh sebagaimana dalam kisah Megat Terawis.

Pemegang Amanah Emas Kancing Ikan Tapah
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Emas Kancing adalah satu-satunya saki baki emas Ikan Tapah yang masih ada, ianya berbentuk Empat Segi Iris Wajik digunakan sebagai Keronsang baju wanita. Jumlah yang ada sekarang ialah sebanyak tiga keping dan ini lah digunakan sebagai penawar kepada cucu atau keturunan Kaduk jika terkena bisa Ikan tapah.

Sekarang Emas Kerongsang Ikan Tapah di jaga oleh salah seorang keturunan Pak Kaduk yang bernama Hajah Hasmah Binti Pandak Logam.

Zaman Kesultanan Melayu Perak

2008-06-25T22:51:00.011+08:00

Makam Sultan Muzafar Shah 1 terletak di Kampung Air Mati di Tanah Abang , Telok Bakong Lambor Kanan

Sejarah Kampung Tua

Setelah mati Haluan Tok Paduka Masuka Perak didalam lingkungan tahun 1525, maka kedua Kerabat itulah yang memberitahu kepada Tun Saban, supaya, iaitu :-

1. Nama gelaran HALUAN digantikan dengan nama gelaran SULTAN.

2. Kerana Tok Masuka tidak mempunyai zuriat anak lelaki, maka Sultan pertama Negeri Perak hendaklah diambil Raja Muzzaffar Shah, iaitu putera kepada Sultan Mahmud Shah, Kampar (Sumatera), bekas Sultan Melaka yang akhir, ditabalkan menjadi Sultan Perak yang pertama dan ulung.Tun Saban mahu tidak mahu terpaksa menurut kata sebagaimana yang dikehendaki oleh kedua Mubaligh Islam itu, terpaksalah dilaksanakan juga

Sekembalinya rombongan Pembesar Perak yang diketuai oleh Tun Saban dan Nakhoda Kasim dari Sumatera bersama-sama Duli Yang Maha Mulia Sultan Muzafar Shah Pertama yang dijemput menjadi pemerintah Negeri Perak yang pada ketika itu tiada mempunyai Raja

Maka belayar lah Rombongan DiRaja menyeberangi Selat Melaka dan apabila sampai di Kuala Sungai Perak di suatu tempat bernama 'Beting Beras Basah', bahtera Raja Muzaafar Shah telah terdampar di atas sebuah beting dan tidak dapat di mudik. Tiba-tiba angin ribut datang dengan laut yang bergelora. Berbagai ikhtiar dibuat namun bahtera baginda tetap tidak berganjak. Maka di situlah baginda berseru dengan melafazkan kata-kata:-

Selilit Tanah Minangkabau,
Selengkung Pulau Perca,
Dilengkung ular Saktimuna,
Sebenarnya Aku keturunan Raja,
Jauhkan segala malapetaka

Sebaik sahaja baginda habis melafazkan kata-kata itu, tiba-tiba muncul 'JIN' yang sangat besar sahingga mencecah awan yang tinggi. Jin tersebut telah berkata kepada baginda

Sekiranya Tuanku hendak bersemayam dan memerintah Negeri Perak ini, hendaklah Tuanku buangkan Mahkota Tuangku kedalam laut

Maka Raja Muzzaffar pun mengambil mahkota baginda dan dibuangkan kedalam laut. Secara tiba-tiba laut yang bergelora menjadi tenang dan beting yang timbul hilang dari pandangan. Satelah itu barulah bahtera baginda boleh belayar semula mudik kehulu dari Beting Beras Basah untuk mencari tempat yang sesuai untuk persemayaman baginda, Baginda telah mengenal pasti satu tempat yang didiami beberapa keluarga yang sedang memainkan sejenis permainan.

Nama asal Kampung Tua
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Baginda memeritahkan agar didirikan sebuah masjid untuk kegunaan masyarakat dikampung itu dan menamakan tempat baginda mendirikan masjid tersebut "KAMPUNG TUA". Dikatakan bahawa tempat tersebut berada di lot 315 Mukim Lambor.

Setelah beberapa lama baginda menetap di Kampung Tua , berlaku satu wabak penyakit cirit birit yang telah menyebabkan Guru Agama baginda meninggal dunia, Guru agama Baginda bernama Shaikkul Islam dan Imam Peduka Tuan dikebumikan di Kampung Tua.

Tanah Abang
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Setelah kejadian tersebut baginda berpendapat bahawa tempat (Kampung Tua) tidak sesuai untuk dijadikan pusat pemerintahan lalu baginda pun memerintah agar Masjid tersebut diruntuhkan dan dibawa mudik ke hulu sungai dan terus bersemayam di Air Mati. Disana lah baginda di tabalkan dan tempat baginda bersemayam itu dinamakan Tanah Abang.di Telok Bakong.

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Sejarah Kesultanan Perak bermula pada 1528 dengan kemahkotaan Sultan Muzaffar Shah I, keturunan Sultan Mahmud Shah dari Melaka. Oleh demikian, Kesultanan Perak adalah keturunan secara langsung daripada Kesultanan Melaka.

Kewibawaan Raja-Raja Melayu Melaka serta struktur pentadbiran Kesultanan Melayu Melaka yang begitu sesuai dan berpengaruh di kalangan Negeri-negeri Melayu ketika itu telah mendorongkan orang-orang Perak untuk mengutuskan Tun Saban yang memerintah kawasan Hulu Sungai Perak hingga ke Kuala Temong, bersama-sama Nakhoda Kassim pergi mengadap Sultan Mahmud Shah di negeri Kampar untuk memohonkan agar seorang daripada putera baginda menjadi Sultan Perak. Permohonan itu telah diperkenankan oleh Sultan Mahmud Shah dan baginda telah menitahkan putera baginda, Raja Muzzaffar supaya berangkat ke Perak dengan di kurniakan segala alat kebesaran warisan kerajaan Negeri Melaka untuk menjadi Raja di Perak.

Maka belayar lah Rombongan DiRaja menyeberangi Selat Melaka dan apabila sampai di Kuala Sungai Perak di suatu tempat bernama 'Beting Beras Basah', bahtera Raja Muzaafar Shah telah terdampar di atas sebuah beting dan tidak dapat di mudik. Tiba-tiba angin ribut datang dengan laut yang bergelora. Berbagai ikhtiar dibuat namun bahtera baginda tetap tidak berganjak. Maka di situlah baginda berseru dengan melafazkan kata-kata :-

Selilit Tanah Minangkabau
Selengkung Pulau Perca
Dilengkung ular Saktimuna
Sebenarnya Aku keturunan Raja
Jauhkan segala malapetaka
Perpisahan Aku di Selat Melaka....

Sebaik sahaja baginda habis melafazkan kata-kata itu, tiba-tiba muncul 'JIN' yang sangat besar sahingga mencecah awan yang tinggi. Jin tersebut telah berkata kepada baginda....

Sekiranya Tuanku hendak bersemayam dan memerintah Negeri Perak ini, hendaklah Tuanku buangkan Mahkota Tuangku kedalam laut......

Maka Raja Muzzaffar pun mengambil mahkota baginda dan dibuangkan kedalam laut. Secara tiba-tiba laut yang bergelora menjadi tenang dan beting yang timbul hilang dari pandangan. Satelah itu barulah bahtera baginda boleh belayar semula dan mudik ke Air Mati. Disana lah baginda di tabalkan dan tempat baginda bersemayam itu dinamakan Tanah Abang.

a) Tanah Abang - iaitu ditepi Sungai Perak yang sekarang di panggil Air Mati.
b) Di dalam Mukim Bota,
Makam Sultan Muzzaffar Shah 1 (Sultan Perak Pertama)
c) Kota Lama Kanan,
d) Geronggong dalam Mukim Pulau Tiga,
e) Semat dalam Mukim Senggang,
f) Bota Kanan atau disebut juga sebagai Brahman Indera,
g) Pulau Tiga,
h) Pulau Cempaka Sari atau Pulau Indera Sakti,
i) Pasir Pulai Indera Mulia,
j) Bandar Baharu,
k) Pasir Panjang,
l) Durian Sebatang,
m)Sayong,
n) Batak Rabit

dan akhir sekali di Bukit Chandan, Kuala Kangsar iaitu semasa zaman Sultan Idris Murshidul Adzam Shah di tabalkan menjadi Sultan Perak yang ke 28. Apabila Raja Idris ditabalkan menjadi Sultan dalam tahun 1877, bagind a telah membuat istana diatas sebuah bukit berhampiran dengan Batang Hari kerana Sayong selalu sahaja di tenggelami air apabila Sungai Perak bah. Akhirnya bukit tersebut dinamakan Baginda dengan sebutan Bukit Chandan, gelarannya Seri Andalan. Menurut ceritanya nama ini adalah mengambil sempena nama seekor gajah Sultan Yusuf yang bernama Kulup Chandan. Kononnya pada suatu hari gajah Kulub Chandan ini telah lari lalu Raja Idris (ketika itu sebagai Raja Muda) bersama juak-juaknya keluar mengikuti jejak-jejak gajah tersebut hingga sampai ke kaki Gunung Bubu. Setibanya disini baginda telah bertembung dengan seorang tua berjanggut panjang yang memakai jubah putih. Dengan tidak semena-mena orang tua tersebut datang sembah lalu berkata...

" Tuanku adalah bakal menjadi Sultan Perak dan manakala tuanku telah ditabalkan menjadi Sultan kelak, jangan lah bersemayam di Sayong lagi tetapi hendaklah tuanku membuat istana diatas bukit yang di pinggir Batang Hari Perak. Maka gajah yang bernama Kulup Chandan itu hendaklah tuanku bebaskan tujuh hari selepas daripada pertabalan tuanku itu...."

Diringkaskan cerita, maka Raja Idris pun ditabalkanlah menjadi Sultan Perak yang ke 28 dan segala pesanan 'orang tua' tersebut telah ditunaikan oleh baginda. Mulai dari tarikh itu kekal lah nama Bukit Chandan sebagai tempat terletaknya istana rasmi Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Sultan Perak.
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Gambar-Gambar Pertabalan Sultan Idris Iskandar Shah II - A

Sultan Idris al-Mutawakkil Alallah Shah ibni al-Marhum Sultan Iskandar Shah Kadasaullah (31 Januari 1924 - 31 Januari 1984) ialah sultan Perak yang memerintah selama 21 tahun antara 4 Januari 1963 hingga 31 Januari 1984.

Sultan Idris ialah putera kedua kepada Sultan Iskandar Shah (Marhum Kaddasallah) dan Raja Teh Umi Kalsum bte Raja Muhamad Iskandar. Kekanda sulungnya meninggal dunia ketika hanya berumur 40 hari.

Pada 3 Januari 1931, Idris menyertai Sekolah Melayu Bukit Chandan dan kemudiannya pada 1932, bersekolah di Sekolah Inggeris Clifford, Kuala Kangsar. Beliau dilantik sebagai Raja Di Hilir Perak pada tahun 1934 ketika berumur 10 tahun untuk menggantikan Raja Sir Chulan. Pada 17 Oktober 1938, Raja Idris dilantik sebagai Raja Bendahara Perak..(ketika itu, sultan Perak ialah Sultan Abdul Aziz Al Muk`tassim Billah Shah).

Gambar-Gambar Pertabalan D.Y.M.M. Sultan Idris Iskandar Shah II

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Istana Sultan Idris dibina pada 1892 dengan kos $55,000. Sebahagiannya diperolehi daripada Negeri2 Melayu Bersekutu (FMS) melalui Frank Swettenham (Residen Perak). Dekorasi dalaman adalah buatan Eropah dan permintaan untuk menambah bantuan telah dipertikaikan dengan hangatnya di London. Namun Gabenor Mitchell menegaskan bahawa istana Sultan seharusnya sehebat kediaman Residen. Sultan Idris mangkat pada 1916.

Kediaman Residen yg menghadap Sungai Perak. Terletak di Kuala Kangsar, Bandar DiRaja Perak. Kedudukan Kuala Kangsar sangat strategik di kawasan melengkung Sungai Perak. Pada 1879, catatan Isabella Bird perihal Kuala Kangsar: "I like Kwala Kangsa better than any place that I have been at in Asia, and am proportionately sorrier to leave it..." Dari situ kelihatan kawasan gunung-ganang yg amat indah. Di sebelah kanan foto, kelihatan 'lanca' iaitu kenaikan yg ditarik oleh manusia/lembu atau kuda.

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SEJARAH SUSUNAN PROTOKOL ISTANA PERAK

SEJARAH SUSUNAN
Adalah menjadi sebahagian amalan protokol dimana susunan keutamaan memainkan peranan penting dalam menjadikan sesuatu majlis itu berjalan lancar dan sesuai dalam keadaan yang dikehendaki, termasuklah dalam urusan rasmi kerajaan dan istana. Amalan menyusun sesuatu istiadat atau upacara perlu menitikberatkan perkara-perkara berikut:-

1) Susunan ketibaan dan kepulangan dalam sesuatu majlis.
2) Panggilan hormat dan susunan kata-kata aluan dalam ucapan dan surat-menyurat.
3) Susunan tempat duduk di dalam sesuatu majlis.
4) Cara duduk dan cara berpakaian.
5) Susunan dan aturcara dalam buku cenderamata
6) Pemasangan bendera yang teratur mengikut susunan.

Kedudukan seseorang tetamu jemputan yang tidak mengikut susunan keutamaan akan mewujudkan suasana kesipuan di sepanjang majlis dan lebih jauh lagi seseorang akan bertindak keluar dari majlis sebagai satu protes.

Berdasarkan fakta sejarah Institusi Kesultanan Negeri Perak telah mengamalkan berbagai istiadat seperti istiadat menabalkan seorang raja, upacara mengadap, lantikan orang besar negeri dan lain-lain. Tanpa di sedari telah wujud bentuk susunan keutamaan yang tidak bertulis diamalkan oleh pihak istana.

TARAF KEDUDUKAN BERSAMA(1960)

1) DULI YANG MAHA MULIA SULTAN
2) DULI YANG MAHA MULIA RAJA PEREMPUAN
3) YANG TERAMAT MULIA RAJA MUDA
4) YANG TERAMAT MULIA RAJA PUAN BESAR ATAU CHE PUAN BESAR
5) YANG AMAT MULIA RAJA DIHILIR
6) YANG AMAT MULIA RAJA PUAN MUDA ATAU CHE PUAN MUDA
7) YANG AMAT BERHORMAT MENTERI BESAR
8) BALU-BALU ALMARHUM
9) RAJA-RAJA BERGELAR
10)TUAN HAKIM
11)TUAN SPEAKER
12)ORANG-ORANG BESAR EMPAT
13)AHLI-AHLI MAJLIS MESYUARAT KERAJAAN TERMASUK 3 ANGGOTA YANG RASMI
14)ORANG-ORANG BESAR DELAPAN
15)AHLI-AHLI DEWAN UNDANGAN NEGERI
16)DATO' YANG KEHORMAT
17)AHLI-AHLI DEWAN NEGARA (SENATE)
18)AHLI-AHLI DEWAN RAKYAT
19)PENGERUSI SURUHANJAYA PERKHIDMATAN AWAM.
20)PEMILIK-PEMLIK PINGAT-PINGAT P.M.N DAN J.M.N
21)PEMILIK-PEMLIK PINGAT-PINGAT NEGERI MENGIKUT MUTU PINGAT
22)JAKSA PENDAMAI
23)PEMILIK-PEMLIK PINGAT-PINGAT YANG LAIN.
24)KETUA PEGAWAI POLIS
25)PEMERINTAH TENTERA
26)PESURUHJAYA TANAH DAN GALIAN,PEGAWAI-PEGAWAI JAJAHAN DAN KETUA-KETUA PEJABAT.
27)KADI BESAR
28)MUFTI
29)AHLI-AHLI SURUHANJAYA PERKHIDMATAN AWAM
30)AHLI-AHLI DEWAN PERAK
31)AHLI-AHLI MAJLIS UGAMA DAN ADAT MELAYU PERAK
32)TOH-TOH MUDA
33)ORANG-ORANG BESAR ENAM BELAS

PERINGATAN:-
1)DIDALAM TINGKATAN JAJAHAN, ORANG BESAR JAJAHAN MENGAMBIL TEMPAT YANG KANAN SELEPAS DARIPADA PEGAWAI-PEGAWAI JAJAHAN.
2)SELEPAS MENTERI BESAR HINGGA ORANG BESAR 32 DI ANTARA SETIAP JAWATAN DI TEMPATKAN ISTERI MASING-MASING
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HEBATNYA MELAYU
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Melayu itu orang yang bijaksana
Nakalnya bersulam jenaka
Budi bahasanya tidak terkira
Kurang ajarnya tetap bersantun
Bila mengampu bijak beralas tangan

Melayu itu berani jika bersalah
Kecut takut kerana benar
Janji simpan di perut
Selalu pecah di mulut
Biar mati adat
Jangan mati anak

Melayu di Tanah Semenanjung luas maknanya
Jawa itu Melayu, Bugis itu Melayu,
Banjar juga disebut Melayu,
Minangkabau memang Melayu,
Keturunan Aceh adalah Melayu,
Jakun dan Sakai asli Melayu,

Arab dan Pakistani semua Melayu,
Mamak dan Malbari serap ke Melayu,
Malah Mualaf bertakrif Melayu.

Dalam sejarahnya,
Melayu itu pengembara lautan,
Melorongkan jalur sejarah zaman,
Begitu luas daerah sempadan,
Sayangnya kini segala kehilangan.

Melayu itu kaya falsafahnya
Kias kata bidal pusaka
Akar budi bersulamkan daya
Gedung akal laut bicara

Berkelahi cara Melayu, menikam dengan pantun,
Menyanggah dengan senyum,
Marahnya dengan diam
Merendah bukan menyembah
Meninggi bukan melonjak.

Watak Melayu menolak permusuhan
Setia dan sabar tiada sempadan
Tapi jika marah tak nampak telinga
Musuh dicari ke lubang cacing
Tak dapat tanduk telinga dijinjing
Maruah dan agama dihina jangan
Hebat amuknya tak kenal lawan

Berdamai cara Melayu indah sekali
Silatulrrahim hati yang murni
Madah diungkap sentiasa disahut
Tangan dihulur sentiasa bersambut
Luka pun tidaklah lagi berparut
Baiknya hati Melayu itu tiada terbandingan
Segala yang ada sanggup diberikan
Sehingga tercipta sebuah kiasan
"Dagang lalu nasi ditanakkan,
Suami pulang lapar tak makan,
Kera di hutan disusukan,
Anak di pangkuan mati kebuluran."

Bagaimanakah Melayu
Di abad dua puluh Satu
Masihkah tunduk tersipu-sipu ?
Jangan takut melanggar pantang
Jika pantang menghalang kemajuan

Jangan segan menentang larangan
Jika yakin kepada kebenaran
Jangan malu mengucapkan keyakinan
Jika percaya kepada keadilan

Jadilah bangsa yang bijaksana
Memegang tali memegang timba
Memiliki ekonomi mencipta budaya
Menjadi tuan di negara merdeka.

INSYAALLAH..
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CINTA ANTARA 2 DARJAT -

Seniwati Norizan dan Sultan Yusof (Perak) :
Kisah cinta paling klasik di kalangan artis tempatan dan golongan bangsawan barangkali ada kaitannya dengan bintang filem Melayu, Allahyarham Norizan dengan Almarhum Sultan Perak, Sultan Yusof pada tahun 50-an.

Norizan disunting oleh Sultan Yusof bagi menyerikan istana baginda setelah terpesona dengan baik budi dan kejelitaan wanita berwajah Melayu klasik ini. Bagaimanapun, tidak pula dicatatkan berapa tahun Norizan bertahan sebagai permaisuri Perak sebelum pasangan diraja itu bercerai. Sebentuk cincin biru yang kini disimpan di Arkib Negara Malaysia adalah antara kenangan cinta Sultan Yusof kepada Norizan ketika kasih mereka bertaut.

Selepas berpisah dengan Sultan Perak, Norizan disunting menjadi isteri kepada seniman agung, Allahyarham Tan Sri P. Ramlee. Rumah tangga yang dibina itu juga tidak bertahan lama. Ketika bersama Norizan, P. Ramlee mencipta lagu Tidurlah Wahai Permaisuri. Norizan menghembuskan nafas terakhir pada 15 Mei 1992.

Tidurlah
Wahai permaisuri
Tidurlah
Pejam mata wahai tidur nyawa

Kudendangkan
Kunyanyikan
Duhai puteri jelita
Jika kau tidur lena
Mimpikan bahagia
Di taman syurga loka
Kau dan aku berdua

Kudendangkan
Kunyanyikan
Duhai puteri jelita
Jika kau tidur lena
Mimpikan bahagia
Di taman syurga loka
Kau dan aku berdua

Kuberjanji wahai dewi suci
Kaulah permaisuri
Bersumpahlah dalam hatimu
Bahawa kau kekasihku
Bersumpahlah kamu
Bersumpahlah kamu
Permaisuri tidurlah
Permaisuri tidurlah
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ERSONAL ROYAL COLLECTIONS

Gambar-gambar dibawah ini adalah koleksi dan hak milik peribadi ahli kerabat di raja. Sastengah koleksi tersebut telah menjangkau usia melebihi 3,000 tahun.

Keris Buaya Putih Rajawali
Keris ini pula bernama Keris Naga Soro dan ianya adalah kembar kepada Keris Buaya Putih Rajawali. Berusia sama iaitu 3,000 tahun dan mempunyai ukiran naga yang diperbuat daripada emas. Mempunyai lok 11.

Kalung permata
Kalung permata dari simpanan Di Raja. Di percayai dari kurun ke 15 (Sultan Perak pertama).

Keris Indera Pawa Janggi
Keris Indera Pawa Janggi, dipercayai berusia lebih daripada 5,000 tahun dan jenis keris picit. Ia juga mempunyai tulisan Sanskrit tertera diatas matanya.

Alat Nafiri
Alat Nafiri ini adalah sebahagian daripada alat kebesaran Nobat DiRaja. Gambar diatas adalah Nafiri daripada Kesultanan Melaka yang dibawa kePerak oleh Sultan Muzzaffar Shah pada tahun 1528 sewaktu baginda ditabalkan menjadi Sultan Perak pertama.Buat masa ini dalam simpanan Waris Negeri Perak.

Peti Barang Kemas Perak
Peti Barang Kemas yang diperbuat daripada perak dan adalah dipercayai ianya diperbuat pada zaman pemerintahan Sultan Muzzaffar Shah 1 dalam abad ke 15. Disimpan oleh Waris Negeri.

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Bandar DiRaja Kuala Kangsar

2007-12-04T09:16:00.000+08:00

BANDAR Di Raja Kuala Kangsar yang terletak di pinggir Sungai Perak terkenal sebagai satu daripada destinasi pelancongan menarik di negara ini. Oleh itu, tanpa melawat bandar ini lawatan seseorang itu ke Perak dianggap masih tidak lengkap.

Kuala Kangsar mendapat nama sempena 99 kuala yang ada di Sungai Perak yang mana penduduk tempatan menyebut 'Kuala Kurang Sa' iaitu kurang satu ke seratus dan kemudian bunyinya disebut seakan Kuala Kangsar.

Namun, ada versi mengatakan ia diambil sempena nama pokok kangsar yang banyak tumbuh di tebing Sungai Perak.

Bandar ini terkenal dengan hasil pembuatan labu Sayong dan pengunjung dapat melihat replika gergasi labu ini yang dihias di tengah-tengah bandar Kuala Kangsar selain boleh melihat sendiri proses pembuatannya.

Istana Iskandariah yang terletak di Bukit Chandan adalah istana rasmi tempat bersemayam pemerintah negeri yang ditabal sebagai Sultan Perak sejak 1933.

Istana yang diambil sempena nama Sultan Iskandar Shah ini menjadi tempat pertabalan Sultan-Sultan Perak dan upacara terbaru ialah Perkahwinan Diraja Raja Muda Perak, Raja Dr Nazrin Shah dengan Tuanku Zara Salim pada 17-19 Mei 2007.

Satu lagi tarikan pelancongan di Bukit Chandan ialah Masjid Ubudiah yang dianggap satu masjid terindah di Malaysia dan menjadi simbol kebanggaan dan kesucian agama untuk umat Islam di Perak.

Pembinaan masjid ini diilhamkan oleh Sultan Perak ke-28, Sultan Idris Murshidul Adzam Shah Satu pada 1910 dan siap sepenuhnya pada 1917 dan dirasmikan oleh Sultan Jalil Shah setahun selepas kemangkatan Sultan Idris.

Antara mercu tanda kecemerlangan pendidikan di Kuala Kangsar ialah Kolej Melayu Kuala Kangsar atau lebih dikenali dengan nama Malay College Kuala Kangsar (MCKK).

Sekolah yang dibina pada 1905 ini suatu ketika dulu adalah tempat untuk mendidik dan melatih golongan elit Melayu, yang terdiri daripada kerabat Diraja dan juga pegawai kerajaan bagaimanapun syarat kemasukan dilonggarkan ekoran kebangkitan nasionalisme.

Antara kerabat Diraja dan pembesar negara yang pernah menuntut di MCKK ialah Sultan Pahang, Sultan Ahmad Shah; Sultan Perak, Sultan Azlan Shah dan Yang di-Pertuan Besar Negeri Sembilan, Tuanku Ja'afar dan bekas Perdana Menteri, Tun Abdul Razak Hussein.

Kepada pengunjung yang gemarkan pengembaraan alam semula jadi, Safari Sungai Perak adalah satu siri pengembaraan yang menarik walaupun kurang mencabar berbanding Safari Afrika Timur, namun ia lebih murah dan selesa.

Safari Sungai Perak akan membawa pengunjung menyusuri sepanjang Sungai Perak selam dua jam 25 minit serta melihat kehidupan semula jadi penduduk tempatan yang tinggal di sekitar kampung di pesisiran sungai dan pelbagai habitat sungai seperti tuntong selain haiwan liar seperti monyet yang berkeliaran mencari makanan.

Bagi yang gemarkan aktiviti perkelahan seharusnya tidak melepaskan peluang untuk mengunjungi Air Terjun Ulu Kenas.

Galeri Sultan Azlan Shah yang tersergam indah di Bukit Chandan dibina untuk tatapan umum sebagai pengetahuan kepada laluan perjalanan hidup Sultan Perak, Sultan Azlan Shah.

Galeri yang dibina pada 30 November 2001 dan siap sepenuhnya pada 15 April 2003 ini adalah idea daripada baginda Sultan Azlan sendiri.

Galeri ini bukan saja dapat berfungsi sebagai sumber rujukan, malah membolehkan pengunjung mengenali lebih mendalam perjalanan hidup seorang Raja malah dapat meningkatkan fahaman dan apresiasi rakyat terhadap Institusi Raja Berperlembagaan.

Pokok getah tertua di semenanjung Malaysia ditanam di bandar ini pada 1900 oleh Residen British di Perak ketika itu, Sir Hugh Low yang membawa masuk benih getah ke Kuala Kangsar untuk membuka ladang getah.

Kota Kuala Kedah

2007-10-02T11:31:00.000+08:00

Kuala Kedah Fort (Kota Kuala Kedah) is situated at the mouth of the Kedah river, less than 10 kn from Kedah's capital Alor Setar. Rectangular in shape, its sits on the northern bank of the river, with its west wall facing the Straits of Melaka, the south wall overlooking the river towards the town of Kuala Kedah, the north wall facing a thick mass of mangrove swamps and the east wall facing a small fishing village and padi fields. Surrounding the landward facing walls is a water-filled moat, known locally as Alor Melaka.

While it was still a functioning military outpost, it housed buildings for a royal palace, guard houses, canteens, an arsenal and numerous thatched huts where they soldiers lived. A drawbridge at the main gate spanned the Alor Melaka on the east side. It was ringed with brass cannons on all sides except the wall facing the mangrove swamps.

It is ironic that a fort that was to become the scene of so many last ditch struggles for Kedah's independence, actually began life as an outpost for the Malay Peninsula's first Western colonizers - the Portuguese. Formerly called Kuala Bahang and the fort was built during the reign of Sultan Sulaiman of Kedah (1602-1619) with the help of the Portuguese. Its very rectangular shape indicates that it probably served more as a trading factory for use by the Portuguese rather than a military fortification designed with bastions, strong points and fields of fire. Nevertheless, being an outpost occupied by the Portuguese, it certainly became a target for their main adversary during the period - Acheh. The Achehnese Sultan Mahkota Alam attacked the fort in 1619, expelling the Portuguese from the fort. Mahkota Alam went on to conquer the rest of the State, bringing back with him over 7000 captives to Acheh, including the unfortunate Sultan.

Kedah purchased over 30 cannon from the Portuguese in 1650, some of which were used to strengthen Kota Kuala Kedah's defences. These were to indeed prove useful during the Bugis period of dominance in the next century. The Bugis leader Daeng Parani, with a strong force of 62 war boats from Riau and Selangor, invaded Kedah in 1724 and took an active part in the power struggle between Sultan Muhammad Jiwa and the Sultan's younger brother who was plotting to overthrow him. Daeng Parani sided with the ruling Sultan, while the Sultan's younger brother invited Raja Kechil and his Minangkabau followers to oust the Bugis from Kedah. Raja Kechil occupied Kota Kuala Kedah but another fleet of warboats led by Daeng Parani's brother, Daeng Merewah, succeeded in driving Raja Kechil and his forces out of Kedah back to Siak. The war lasted two years and devastated Kedah.

The Bugis were again playing kingmakers when, in 1771, they supported dissident forces in Kedah out to depose the ruling Sultan Abdullah Mukarram Shah. They captured Kota Kuala Kedah that year and it is said they seized over 300 brass cannons of all calibres in the battle. However, the Sultan obtained the help of the English trader-adventurer Captain Francis Light, who re-captured the fort for the Sultan and used it as a base. In return, Light promised to use the fort to protect the Sultan from any attacks that might take place from the Kedah river estuary. It was probably this promise that led the Sultan to believe for so long that English would provide him with military aid against his enemies - in particular his overlords the Siamese. This promise that was never kept.

The fort had earlier been constructed of hardened clay and earthworks, reinforced with stout timber beams. In 1771, Sultan Abdullah decided to strengthen it further - particularly to take into account the much larger calibre cannon now being used by his adversaries the Bugis and the Siamese, as well as the new siege tactics of the time. Its walls were made stouter with stonework and brickwork and incorporated 'modern' features such as parapets and peepholes for firing muskets. The cannon were also replaced with bigger calibre guns purchased from the English, Dutch, Achehnese, Minangkabaus and Brunei Malays. Construction was finally completed in 1780.

Earlier fears of the Siamese was realized when, at noon on Sunday November 12th, 1821, a large fleet from Siam sailed into Kuala Kedah. Not knowing their intentions, the Siamese were welcomed with great ceremony when they landed by the fort commander Bendahara Dato' Paduka Maharaja Sura. While being lead around for a tour of the fort, the Thai commander, the Raja of Ligor, Phya Buri Sakmuton, suddenly ordered his men to attack. Taken completely by surprise, the garrison was massacred. The Sultan fled to Penang and, from there, planned a war of resistance to the Siamese.

In 1831, the Sultan's son Tunku Kudin led 3,000 Malays out of Prai and drove the Siamese from Kedah. However, facing a Siamese army of 7,500 men and 3,000 elephants, Ku Din was driven back and cornered in Kuala Kedah fort with only a few hundred men. The Siamese could not breach the fort's stout walls and had to build wooden siege towers overlooking the fort, from which they released murderous musket fire upon the defenders. After a bloody siege lasting three months, the fort was stormed and Ku Din's head was sent to Bangkok.

Another Malay attack in 1838 not only won them their homeland again but even managed to take the war to Siamese territory, allowing them to liberate Patani and besiege Singora (Songkhla). But as before, heavy reinforcements arrived from Bangkok and the Kedah Malays made one final last stand at Kota Kuala Kedah. Two hundred men held out to the end, surrounded on land by 15,000 Siamese infantry equipped with modern muskets, artillery and elephants. At sea, the British 18-gun warship 'Hyacinth' and three gunboats blockaded the fort. After terrible massacres and atrocities on both sides, the defenders were overwhelmed and triumphant Siamese captured the fort in the early hours of March 20th.

That last stand of the Kedah's independence also marked the last time ever Kota Kuala Kedah cannon's were fired in anger.

Known locally as 'Meriam Badak Berendam' ('The Wallowing Rhino'), this cannon is lodged in the mud among debris of the collapsed sea wall, below tide level. Popular belief maintains that it is inhabited by a Spirit Guardian, as all attempts to remove it have so far been unsuccessful...

Kedah's Last Blockade

2007-10-02T10:44:00.000+08:00

An English Midshipman's account of the Kedah Blockade of 1838 : Sherard Osborn was a junior naval officer in one of the British warships blockading Kedah in support of Siamese efforts in 1838 to re-conquer the State and capture the last Malay stronghold at Kuala Kedah fort. This narrative is based on accounts from his book ' The Blockade of Kedah in 1838: A Midshipman's Exploits in Malayan Waters' . Published in 1857, it not only provided an eyewitness account of the events surrounding the conflict but also revealed his growing admiration not only for his Malay crewmen but also the Kedah Malays he was supposedly at war with.

The Malays had prepared their attack on the Siamese with great care, timing and secrecy. They had over months gathered over 2,000 fighting men and over forty war boats at Batu Putih, near Acheh on the Sumatran coast. Arms, ammunition and other stores were smuggled to them by British merchants in Penang sympathetic to the Kedah Sultan's cause. When British warships blockading the Kedah coast were diverted to engage Lanun ships reported off Trengganu in July 1838, the Malays swept across the unguarded Straits and rejoined other smaller fleets secretly gathering in the dozens of mangrove-shrouded river estuaries they had stockaded along the Kedah coast. By the time, British warships had arrived on the scene, the Malays had concentrated their forces in the Merbok estuary and swooped on the fort at the mouth of the Kedah river. The small Siamese garrison there was massacred. Once again, the old red flag of Kedah flew over its homeland.

The Malays fortified their position in Kuala Kedah while the main force drove the Siamese out of Kedah and rapidly captured Perlis, Setul (Satun)a nd Trang. Osborn noted that the Malay fleet gathered at Trang consisted of over 50 boats, each carrying light artillery and swivel guns.

The Malays were now flushed with victory and marched north to take the war to Siam. Four of the seven Patani states joined the rebellion and the Patani Malays swelled its ranks until their numbers were by now estimated at some 10,000 men. Sweeping ever northwards, they managed to cut off Singora (Songkhla) on the other side of the Peninsula, besieging the garrison of 2000 Siamese and 500 Chinese. The aim was to keep the Siamese on the defensive until the arrival of the monsoons, after which Kedah would have been more stoutly fortified and strengthened by reinforcements and supplies.

By December 1838, the British flotilla had arrived and proceeded to disrupt any Malay supplies or movement of troops along the Kedah coast. This 18-gun warship Hyacinth anchored off Kuala Kedah, just out of cannon shot, and blockaded the fort. Three decked gunboats - "Diamond", "Pearl" and "Emerald" - patrolled the coast from Kuala Kedah to Pulau Bunting. These were manned by Malay crews - released convicts from the Straits Settlements, imprisoned as pirates and experienced seafarers. The Royal Navy's first steam-driven gunship in the East Indies - the Diana - was held in reserve in Singapore.

They were soon joined by a Siamese warship but the vessel took great care to anchor much further away from the coast to avoid Malay cannon fire. When the British invited the captain to join their blockading line much closer to the ramparts, he would just shake his head and mutter "Tidak bagus! Tidak bagus!" (No, that's not good, not good!"). He refused the offer so many times that the British - who were not told what the name of the formidable vessel was - from then on referred to His Majesty of Siam's ship as the "Tidak Bagus"!

After the string of early Malay successes, the tide turned when a force of 10,000 Siamese suddenly thrust southwards across the Kedah frontier, cutting off the Malay forces besieging Singora. Its communications and supply lines severed, the Malays were attacked on its flanks and by frontal assaults from the Singora defenders and the force disintegrated - its remnants desperately trying to slip between the Siamese lines to rejoin their comrades in Kuala Kedah.

Panic and terror immediately struck the whole of Kedah. Similar counter-attacks by the Siamese army had shown that its policy in such cases was one of terror and extermination and the Malays knew that torture and atrocity would be the order of the day. Osborn described various acts of cruelty invading Siamese armies were prone to, including cooking human beings alive. Prisoners were stripped naked and, with their hands tied behind their backs and large piece of fat lashed to their heads, put into hollow tree trunks. "Then a slow steady fire was maintained round it, the unfortunate victim's sufferings by these means terribly prolonged, his shrieks and exclamations being responded to by the exultant shouts of his executioners."

Another torture involved building a wooden platform around a young 'nipah' palm and tying the victim to it in a sitting position over the young tree, so that the sharp spear-like point of its shoot would eventually enter the body. As the plant grew at a fairly rapid rate - several inches in twenty four hours - this would result in unspeakable pain and eventual death by piercing the intestines. "In short, a slow mode of impaling," Osborn noted.

The climax of horror for Osborn was the gambling that took place whenever a pregnant Malay woman would have the misfortune to be captured - the stakes depending upon whether the unborn child was a boy or girl. The game would be concluded with the woman being gutted open to decide who were the winners.

As the weeks wore on and the Siamese army rapidly closed in on Kuala Kedah, the countryside around the fort was choked with the flames and smoke of burning villages and rice fields. Thousands of terrified refugees converged upon the fort and boats of all shapes and sizes - from 'prahus' to simple bamboo rafts - laden to overflowing with human beings streamed endlessly out of the Kedah river estuary the fort guarded. Most of the vessels were too small to make the long journey to the relative safety of Penang or Prai and they anchored at the only refuge they could find - under the guns of their tormentor's allies, the British warships. " We lay at anchor with a black mass of native vessels of every size and shape," Osborn wrote. "Many of the canoes threatening to sink alongside, we were forced to take the unfortunates upon our decks, adding still more to the scene of confusion. "

"On counting the fugitive vessels, we found one junk, one tope, five large 'prahus', and one hundred and fifteen smaller craft, the whole of them probably containing three thousand souls., of which two-thirds were women and the remainder made up of children, old decrepit men and a few adult Malays to navigate the vessels. Two births took place during this sad night of confusion."

The refugees brought with them horror stories of the cruelties perpetrated by the Siamese army in the surrounding countryside and this precipitated an atrocity by the Malays themselves. Three hundred Siamese prisoners captured by the Malays in the early victories of the war were marched to the margins of a small empty reservoir nearby. They were then each stabbed with krises by the guards and the bodies thrown into the reservoir. The location of the massacre was no accident - it lay beside the road along which the Siamese troops had to advance.

By the time the main Siamese force reached Kuala Kedah, reinforcements had swelled its numbers to 15,000, nearly 10,000 of whom were well-equipped with the latest Tower flint muskets. They also had with them many war elephants, some equipped with small swivel guns in their 'howdahs', and batteries of light artillery - some of which were captured from the besieging Malay forces at Singora. The Siamese proceeded to shell the fort to submission, while their infantry unleashed a storm of musket balls onto the defenders from the cover of the jungles surrounding the fort.

Siamese fire was so intense that the British warships had to cast sail and move away as cannon balls from their Siamese allies flew over the top of the fort's parapets and splashed perilously close to their bows. The landward-facing cannon of the fort boomed in reply, though the seaward facing cannons of the Malays still remained silent - not a single shot in anger had been fired between the fort defenders and the British warships since the blockade started.

Across the river, the nearby town of Kuala Kedah had by now been occupied by the Siamese and snipers occupied the houses and started picking off the defenders in their parapets. Numbering less than two hundred by now, the defenders - mostly Malay irregulars and some Rajput Sepoy mercenaries, launched a desperate sortie into the town on the night of March 19th 1839 to clear it of snipers and silence some of the Siamese guns. Caught in open ground, the Malays were cut down in a murderous crossfire and scattered.

The defenders knew that the fort would fall to the Siamese before dawn. The survivors of the night attack were ordered to save themselves - some slipping by the naval blockade on boats, others swimming across the river and taking their chances along the coast. Fifteen sepoys were left to provide covering fire for the escape and holding out for at least two hours, after which they fired one last salvo of artillery fire at the Siamese and attempted to swim to the British warships. "Not being as amphibious as the Malays, they had been swept down by the tide upon the stockade, and the majority were drowned, or killed by alligators," Osborn noted.

By daybreak, the Siamese had already occupied the fort in force. Kedah's war of independence was over.

Osborn reflected on the conflict he had seen over the year and questioned which side he had to fight for. "Nothing but a sense of duty could prevent one from sympathizing in the efforts made by these gallant sea-rovers to regain their own."

"Like spaniels, the natives of the whole sea-board of the Indian peninsula lick the hand that chastises them: not so the Orang Melayu; and we Englishmen should be the first to honour a race who will not basely submit to abuse or tyranny."

Osborn later served in the Crimean War and Britain's wars in China. He ended his naval career with the rank of rear admiral and also served as an admiral in the Chinese navy from 1862-63. He eventually became one of Britain's leading Arctic explorers.

The Blockade of Kedah in 1838: A Midshipman's Exploits in Malayan Waters' by Sherard Osborn (1857), reprinted by Oxford University Press (1987) (ISBN 0 19 588860 X). Price RM 52.80

'Glimpses Into Life in Malayan Lands'

2007-10-02T10:12:00.000+08:00

John Turnbull Thomson was a young surveyor when he first arrived in the Malay Peninsula in 1838. Only 17 years of age, he started work in Penang and arrived in time to witness first-hand the events surrounding Kedah's last war of independence from Siam. He took an interest in the Malays and soon learned to speak Malay fluently, quickly gaining a reputation as having closer contact with the Malays than any of his fellow countrymen. He frequently wrote of the grievances of the Malays and his description of the Kedah war below highlighted not only the miseries suffered by ordinary Malays at the hands of the Siamese army but also the unease of many Englishmen at Britain's support for Siam in the conflict.

Kedah was a weak Eastern state, situated at the fag end of two powerful ones, viz., the Siamese and Burmese. It was expected to serve both these masters ; consequently it hated one and despised the other, and got into bad odour with both. When Burmah was stronger than. Siam, it acknowlegded its superiority; when Siam was stronger, it paid obeisance in that direction. The exactions, whether of men, money, tokens or symbols, that Kedah had to bear, were at the caprice of the monarchs of these countries. Kedah would have gladly propitiated either for the sake of peace ; but this was not to be. Siam claimed a token - the Bunga Mas (golden flower) -while Burmah claimed assistance in men. What was to be done? The English were powerful; -might not Kedah rest quiet under her wings ?

Such might have been the thought when Kedah offered Penang to Captain Light. Captain Light, on behalf of' the East India Company, bought the island for a consideration; but he did not engage to protect Kedah from its political enemies - the real of object of the Malay Rajah.

Captain Light took possession of the purchased island of Penang, on the l7th July, 1786. If it belonged to Siam, Siam should have protested against the transfer. This Siam did not do. Sir George Leith again, on behalf of the East India Company, bought Province Wellesley from Kedah for the sum of two thousand Spanish dollars. This happened on the 15th July, 18OO, nor was this transfer opposed by action or protest on the part of Siam. If Kedah had been a province of Siam, and the Rajah of' Kedah a mere vassal, these cessions of territory at distinct dates must have either been silently approved of by Slam, if not, those were the times to protest.

Kedah sent admissions of superiority to Siam, but so does Siam to China. Reasoning on the basis of these admissions, how is it that, in after years, Siam claimed more to do with Penang than did China? Kedah had her native line of princes, son succeeding father for generations, as Siam has nephew succeeding uncle. Kedah had her written laws as Siam has. What difference was there between these two kingdoms ? -Merely this, Siam was strong, Kedah weak. The claims of Siam were the claims of might, not of right. Siam was jealous that Kedah had obtained an European friend and neighbour, so she determined to vex her. First she coerced Kedah to make war on Perak : this was in 1813. The object was to weaken both, preparatory to their being overrun. In 1821 Siam overran Kedah, and its native princes fled. She would have done the same to Perak, but for the fear of the English and the Dutch. Kedah was devastated, and many of her inhabitants carried off to slavery. Thousands fled into Penang and Province Wellesley. This suited the purposes of the English land proprietors ; it cleared their jungles, and gave them a settled population. In 1822 the Burmese war was looming in the distance; so it was found to be English policy to propitiate Siam. Kedah relations were consequently sacrificed, and the grant of Penang and Province Wellesley was sought to be confirmed by Siam. This object was attained in 1826, under Colonel Burney's treaty with Siam.

In 1831 Tuanku Kudin, a chief of Malay royal blood, headed an insurrection against his Siamese conquerors. He was successful at first, and regained temporary possession of his native country. But England's assistance was now given to Siam, and he was reduced. He remained by a remnant of his adherents, fifty or sixty in number, and died a hero's death in defending Kedah fort. He was overpowered by numbers, and nearly all died with him. As in the case of Sir William Wallace, the patriot's head was sent to the (Siamese) capital. Kedah was again devastated, and Province Wellesley replenished with settlers; lands rose in value, and rents ruled high. It was at this time that the East India Company's chief official took up extensive land claims.

But the value of his land acquisitions met another check ; for, in 1838, a man called Tuanku Mohamed Saad, a prince of royal blood, raised another insurrection against the Siamese, and carried many people away with him from Penang and Province Wellesley. Rents fell, and the value of land in the English settlements again became nominal. Tuanku Mahomed Saad drove the Siamese out of Kedah beyond Sangora; but the English and the Siamese were now allies. He was consequently beaten back, escaping only to be laid hold of by the East India Company 's Government as a pirate, and to be dealt with as such.

Kedah this time was utterly destroyed; its fertile plains wasted ; the herds were driven off the fields, and the fruit groves were cut down ; the mother fled with the infant at her breast, and the father crept through the jungle with his little ones in his arms. Province Wellesley was again replenished with settlers, and Englishmen speculated and grew rich on the troubles of their neighbours. More eyes than mine have witnessed these scenes, so I dare not exaggerate. In 1786 the English settled down on a desert island near flourishing Kedah. In I838 Kedah is itself a desert, the island Penang a very garden full of life and prosperity. I have seen the poor Kedahan come to the sheds and outhouses to lie down and die. Others more fortunate in preserving life, were glad to labour for their bare rice only. The actual strife of warfare is not the worst.

Oamut used frequently to exclaim, "Kalau raja berkelahi, orang kecil binasa" ("When princes fall out, the destruction comes on the lowly"). An appropriate illustration for the tirnes. And shall we ascribe all these miseries to the English ? Certainly not. They must lie in the first place at the door of the Raja of Kedah, who sold Penang for a good price. He did not fully explain his connection with Siam; and, by this want of frankness, brought his country into great danger. Had he not counted on the assistance of the English (which he had no right to expect) hr would have been more complacent to Slam, and averted her vengeance. Kedah would have done as she did heretofore, and submitted to exactions for the sake of peace.

But the after part that England played in assisting Siam against Kedah, was abhorrent to generosity, not to speak of gratitude. Such a course would never have been sanctioned by the home authorities, however expedient or proper it might have appeared to the East India Company's Government in India, if they had been fully aware of the facts of the case.

Source : Thomson, John Turnbull, "Glimpses Into Malayan Lands", Oxford University Press 1984 (first published by Richardson and Company, 1864). RM 22.00

The Kedah Blockade

2007-10-02T09:17:00.001+08:00

Since before the days of the Melaka Sultanate, the Malay States of the northern peninsula - Patani, Kedah, Kelantan, Trengganu and Perak - had always been considered by Siam as its tributaries. However, for centuries the Siamese had been too busy fighting invaders - especially the Burmese - to press its claims on the Malay states and had to be satisfied with only periodically receiving "Bunga Mas" or "Golden Flowers" from the rulers of these states as a symbolic admission of Siamese suzerainty.

However, continual Burmese invasions progressively weakened the Siamese, culminating in the sacking and destruction of Ayutthaya in 1767. The Malay States began to exert their independence and now considered their sending of ornamental plants with leaves and flowers of gold merely as a token of long-standing friendship and respect. It was this independent streak, for instance, that persuaded Sultan Abdullah of Kedah to lease Penang to another foreign power - an act that would have no doubt caused some anger in the Siamese court. He may have expected that conceding such a great prize to the British might induce them - as a matter of honour - to offer some protection from his former master in Bangkok. A global power such as Britain would be a formidable deterrent for a weak Siam.

However, things were to change dramatically for Siam - and the Malay states. The Siamese general Phraya Taksin led a war of independence that drove the Burmese out of Siam and his successor Rama I established the Chakri dynasty, which was to rule Siam to this day. After throwing back another massive Burmese invasion in 1785, a resurgent Siam turned its attention to its increasingly insubordinate southern subjects.

When Patani's Sultan Muhammad was reluctant to send troops to aid Siam face a Burmese invasion, Rama I's son, Prince Surasi, attacked Patani. Sultan Muhammad was slain in battle and 4,000 Patani Malays were brought in chains to Bangkok as slaves.

Further rebellions erupted in Patani in 1791 and 1808, following which Patani was split into seven provinces and ruled directly under the Raja of Ligor (Songkhla). The Malay state that had begun its life as that ancient kingdom of myth and legend, Langkasuka, was no more.

The subjugation of Patani was an object lesson to Siam's other Malay vassal sates, especially Kedah. In the years 1813, 1816 and 1818, Kedah was forced to supply thousands of soldiers, hundreds of boats and many tons of rice to Siam to help drive away the remaining Burmese in Siamese territory. In 1818, Rama II went as far as ordering Kedah to attack Perak because its Sultan had foolishly not sent "Bunga Mas" to the Siamese court for several years. Kedah's Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin Halim Shah, however, knew the real reason for the order - to weaken both Kedah and Perak so that they could succumb to invasion and direct rule. In the war which ensued, Kedah succeeded in defeating Perak, and the Sultan of Perak was forced to send "Bunga Mas" to the King of Siam.

In 1821, the King of Siam invited the Sultan of Kedah to Bangkok to pay homage to him. But the shrewd Sultan refused, fearing assassination. To punish the Sultan for this personal affront, a large Siamese fleet sailed into Kuala Kedah, massacred the garrison there and sailed on to Kuala Merbok looking for the Sultan. The Sultan fled to Seberang Prai, scattering coins from his elephant to delay his pursuers, and sailed to Penang, where the Governor allowed him to take refuge - much to the annoyance of the Siamese. As it did with Patani, Siam partitioned Kedah into four separate territories - Kedah, Perlis, Setul (Satun) and Kubang Pasu, each under a raja chosen by Siam and subject to Siam. Kubang Pasu was returned to Kedah decades later but, to this day, Perlis remains an independent state and Setul remains in Thai territory.

After occupying Kedah, the Siamese hoped to extend its conquests further south and attacked Perak. However, the Siamese were defeated by the Perak Malays, with the help of Malay and Bugis reinforcements rushed from Selangor.

The Sultan of Kedah, in exile in his other lost possession Penang, demanded the British help put him back on his throne. There were many in the British administration and business community in Penang who were sympathetic to the Sultan's cause - both as a matter of honour and because of fear of further Siamese encroachment on the peninsula and in trade. But the Governor-General in India continued Britain's policy of not engaging in expensive little wars on the Peninsula and refused to do anything about the fate of the wronged Sultan.

When war broke out between the British and the Burmese in 1824, this policy shifted dramatically - though not in the Sultan's favour. Britain now saw Siam as a possible ally in their war. By 1826, Captain Henry Burney concluded a treaty with the Siamese government where the British promised not to interfere in the affairs of Kedah under the Siamese. To allay the fears of Penang, the Siamese on their part promised not to attack Perak and Selangor.

Despite the Burney Treaty, Penang became a hotbed of Malay resistance to the Siamese. The chiefs of Kedah and the relatives of the Sultan gathered there planning their war of liberation, while British merchants and private citizens in Penang eagerly (but covertly) provided them with guns, ammunition, boats and other supplies, in exchange for rice. In 1831, the Sultan's son Tunku Kudin led 3000 Malays out of Prai and drove the Siamese from Kedah. The Siamese declared the rebels as bandits, hunting, torturing and executing them accordingly. Siam's newly-found friends the British declared them pirates and, in the words of the British historian RO Winstedt, "to Britain's shame, British gunboats blockaded the Kedah coast". Facing a Siamese army of 7,500 men and 3,000 elephants, Ku Din was driven back and cornered in Kuala Kedah fort. After a bloody siege lasting three months, the fort was stormed and Ku Din's head was sent to Bangkok. Over 16,000 men, women and children fled from the avenging Siamese army into Prai and Penang.

Another Malay attack in 1838 not only won them their homeland again but even managed to take the war to Siamese territory, allowing them to liberate Patani and besiege Singora (Songkhla). But as before, heavy reinforcements arrived from Bangkok and the Kedah Malays made one final last stand at Kota Kuala Kedah. Two hundred men held out to the end, surrounded on land by 15,000 Siamese infantry equipped with modern muskets, artillery and elephants. At sea, the British 18-gun warship 'Hyacinth' and three gunboats blockaded the fort. After terrible massacres and atrocities on both sides, the defenders were overwhelmed and the red flag of Kedah was finally lowered over the old fort on the morning of March 20th.

The old Sultan was not about to give up - what he could not win by force of arms, he now tried with shrewd Malay diplomacy. Three years later, Raja Zainal Rashid or Tengku Dai, the Sultan's eldest son, went to Bangkok to have frank discussions with the King, Rama III. Tengku Dai offered him acceptance of Siamese suzerainty - if they restored the throne of Kedah to the Sultan. Rama III consented - with growing pressures from British and French 'farang' in other parts of his kingdom, Siam desperately needed to put a stop to these constant Malay rebellions.

In 1843, after 21 years in exile fighting a war of liberation, the Sultan returned to Kedah to re-assume his position as Sultan of Kedah. He had lost Perlis and Setul - but he had freed his kingdom from direct Siamese rule. Kedah was saved from suffering the same fate as Patani and was to remain a Malay Sultanate to this day.

As for the British, they'd had their first taste of military intervention on the Peninsula - and it had not been a wholly unpleasant outcome for British interests in the region. They were not to be too reticent when, thirty years later, it became necessary to send the gunboats in again.

Sources : anonymous ikedah 2007

The End of Lankasuka

2007-10-02T08:35:00.000+08:00

Patani probably rivals Kedah as among the oldest Malay states on the Peninsula. The lost Second Century kingdom of Langkasuka may have spanned the peninsula from Patani on the east coast, to northern Kedah on the west. Wu-pei-chih, certainly firmly places a Lang-hsi-chia to the south of Songkla (Singora), up to the Patani River and the fabled spirit land of Lakawn Suka still features in the mythology of Patani Malays. Patani was probably one of the Sri Vijayan empire's conquests and ' Ilangasoka, undaunted in fierce battles' was certainly recorded as one of Rajendra Cola's conquests in his raids into Southeast Asia into the empire in 1025.

Patani is also probably one of the earliest Malay states to convert to Islam - certainly well before Melaka. The Hikayat Patani tells the story of its king Raja Phya Tu Nakpa who falls gravely ill, with no apparent cure to his ailment in sight. A holy man by the name of Syeikh Said claims he can cure the ruler but only if he promises to convert to Islam as soon as he is healthy. The desperate ruler promises to do so and, as a result, he makes a miraculous recovery. However, he forgets his promise and falls ill, and again seeks the holy man's blessings. This happens three times - but he finally makes good on his promise the third time and becomes a Muslim, calling himself Sultan Ismail Shah.

It is under Sultan Ismail Shah's reign that the state takes on the name 'Patani'. Seeking a location for a new capital, he comes across an ideal spot on the coast and exclaims to his followers 'Pantai Ini!' ('This beach!). Another account says that he finds a farmer's hut at this spot and calls his capital 'Pak Tani' ('farmer'). This capital is thought to be in modern day Kampong Grisek (Kru Se).

Patani was certainly known to the Portuguese, who first visited the port in 1516, with Godinho de Eredia going as far as describing 'Patane' as the first seat of the Malay Empire. The fall of Melaka to the Portuguese in 1511 certainly increased Patani's popularity with India's Muslim traders. Its location on the east coast of the Peninsula gave it the added advantage of being the ideal emporium for goods from China. This economic growth may have strengthened its military power as well. Taking advantage of a massive invasion of Ayutthaya by the Burmese in 1563, Sultan Ismail's successor, Sultan Muzaffar Shah, launched an attack on the Siamese, with 200 ships and thousands of men. He died suddenly during the campaign and is said to be buried at the estuary of the Menam Chao Phraya.

In 1584, Patani entered its golden age with the rule of four successive Queens, Ratu Hijau ('The Green Queen'), Ratu Biru ('The Blue Queen'), Ratu Ungu ('The Violet Queen') and Ratu Kuning ('The Yellow Queen'). Patani expanded its borders to include Kelantan and Trengganu and became the most powerful Malay state after Johor. It was during this time that Patani became renowned for manufacturing cannon, producing three of the largest bombards ever cast in the region - 'Mahalela', 'Seri Negara' and 'Seri Petani'. With each measuring over six metres in length.

Certainly, this technology may have contributed to Patani successfully beating back no less than four Siamese invasions in - at times with the help of Malay forces from Johor and Pahang.

However, by the middle of the 17th Century, during the reign of the last of the Queens, Patani fell into gradual decline. This decline probably prompted her to submit to Siam as a vassal state and send the 'Bunga Mas' to Ayutthya. She died without an heir and the country descended into decades of political chaos and conflict. Fortunately for Patani, Siam was too weak to take advantage of the situation, being too busy driving off crippling Burmese invasions into her territory, culminating in the pillaging and complete destruction of Ayutthaya in 1767.

The Siamese general Phraya Taksin led a war of independence that drove the Burmese out of Siam and his successor Rama I established the Chakri dynasty, which was to rule Siam to this day. A resurgent and much stronger Siam demanded troops and supplies from Patani to face yet another Burmese raid.

When Patani's Sultan Muhammad was reluctant to send troops, Rama I's son, Prince Surasi, attacked Patani in 1786. Sultan Muhammad was slain in battle and his capital was burned to the ground. 4,000 Patani Malays were brought in chains and marched barefoot the 1,300 km to Bangkok. It was said that the captives had to have their ear lobes and legs sewn together with strong rattan to prevent escape. In Bangkok, they became slaves and were made to dig the city's system of canals or 'klongs'.

As the ultimate humiliation, the symbols of Patani's strength and power - the 'Seri Negara' and 'Seri Patani' cannons - were brought in triumph to Bangkok . Both can still be seen today gracing the entrance to Thailand's Ministry of Defence building.

Further rebellions erupted in Patani in 1791 and 1808, following which Patani was partitioned into seven states - Patani, Teluban (Sai), Nongcik, Jalor (Yala), Jambu(Jering), Legeh (Rangae) and Reman - and administered directly by the Raja of Ligor. There were few months of independence when four of the states joined the Kedah Malays in driving the Siamese out of the peninsula - but their success was short-lived and they were re-conquered easily. In 1906, the seven states were reconstituted into a single province. From the mythical Langkasuka to the seat of Malay empire, the province of Patani was now formally annexed as an administrative division of the Kingdom of Thailand.

Sources :

Ibrahim Syukri, Sejarah Kerajaan Melayu Patani, Kota Bharu : Percetakan Pasir Putih, ca. 1961. First published ca. 1950. Translated by Conner Bailey and John N. Miksic, History of the Malay Kingdom of Patani, Ohio University Monographs in International Studies, 1985.

Wheatley, Paul,1961. The Golden Khersonese : Studies in the Historical Geography of the Malay Peninsula before AD 1500 Kuala Lumpur : University of Malaya Press Godinho de Eredia 'Desciption of Malaca' Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, Reprint 14, 1997

Ayutthaya versus Pattani in the 'era of rebellion'

2007-10-02T08:31:00.000+08:00

While many historians believe that Pattani had been a tributary state of Siam since time immemorial, and gradually incorporated to become an integral part of Siam, more-recently discovered journals of travellers and merchants of the era suggest otherwise.

The struggle to control Pattani was more than merely starting a few minor rebellions, as simplified in Thai chronicles. The resistance Pattani put up was determined, with residents of Pattani impassioned to defend the local Malay culture and determined to keep alive the historical ideal of an independent state of Pattani.

Jaramias van Vliet, the Dutch official of the Verenigde Oost-Indische Campagnie (VOC), or Dutch East Indies Company, who assumed a post at Ayutthaya in 1633, wrote about the Pattani rebellion during the earlier reign of King Maha Chakkrabat. He stated that Pattani had often sent tribute to Ayutthaya.

Later on, when King Prasartthong staged a coup and crowned himself in 1630, Raja Ungu, the ruler of Pattani, objected to paying tribute to the newly self-installed king. Apart from this affront to Ayutthaya, Pattani even sent troops to attack Phatthalung and Nakhon Si Thammarat, seized two vessels departing from Ayutthaya, and transported Chinese goods to Batavia.

In late 1633, Ayutthaya recruited troops to subjugate Pattani again, but had to delay the campaign for a year. In the middle of this intense atmosphere of war, the Raja of Kedah intervened and assisted in a reconciliation between the parties. King Prasartthong changed his mind and Ayutthaya sent a diplomatic mission to negotiate with Pattani again.

In March, 1636, during the reign of Raja Kuning, a Pattani diplomat came up to Ayutthaya. A preliminary agreement resulted in a "very important person" of Pattani coming up to the Ayutthaya court in August of the same year to pay a tribute of golden flowers to King Prasartthong. Pattani continued to pay tribute to Ayutthaya for several years. It is recorded as doing so in June 1639, while Kedah did her part in August of the same year. The situation, however, changed when Pattani joined Kedah and Songkhla to resist Ayutthaya during 1646-9.

They even sent troops to attack and occupy Nakhon Si Thammarat for some time in 1649.

In late 1649, Ayutthaya sent troops to suppress the rebellion again. There is no detailed evidence about the battle, but it turned out that in September 1650, two ships of Songkhla brought a peace message with the usual golden flowers to pay homage to King Prasartthong.

Excerpt from a paper entitled "Ayutthaya in Pattani's Grasp: Historical Writings and Local History" presented by Davisakd Puaksom, Institute of Liberal Arts, Walailak University Nakhon Si Thammarat, at The First Inter-Dialogue Conference on Southern Thailand held in Pattani last month.

the Queen of Lung-Gasuka // Lankasuka

2007-10-02T08:06:00.000+08:00

If stories give life to a place, those of the four queens of Pattani recall laughter and tears, love and revenge that shaped a chatpter of the little known history of this Islamic maritime kingdom about sex centuries ago. Subhatra Bhumiprabhas and Natiya Tangwisutijit trace the facinating story of the queens.

Nobody knows what Princess Ijau might have thought when she ascended the throne as the first queen of Pattani in 1584.

After the death of her father, Sultan Manzur Syah, in 1572, Ijau and her two younger sisters had to endure 12 traumatic years witnessing brothers and cousins killing one another in their battle for the throne. The conflict was resolved when all of the male heirs were assassinated, paving the way for Ijau's ascension.

Today's historians - and, indeed, ancient European traders and travellers who arrived in the Islamic kingdom - had different views about Pattani's century-long rule by women. Some opinions appear more favourable than others. But the predominant conclusion was that Queen Ijau and her sisters who succeeded to the throne were no more than puppet monarchs. Behind them must have been capable male ministers who governed in her name without the queens' actual participation.

French traveller Nicholas Gervaise, for example, wrote in the 1680s that Raja Ijau was not allowed to enter at all into the secrets of state affairs.

"[The queen] had to content herself with the respect and homage which everyone formally rendered her as their sovereign," Gervaise was quoted in "Hikayat Pattani", a classic Malay account of the history of this Islamic kingdom.

"They [the ministers] did not allow her the freedom to choose her own high officials, but they never refused her anything which could contribute to her pleasure," he wrote.

Such a view, however, could not properly explain why under the rule of the queens, especially the first two, Pattani reached its greatest prosperity from maritime trade with Europe, Japan and around Southeast Asia. Prices for commodities, particularly foodstuffs, were at an all time low, pleasing the rich and poor under their reigns alike. Farmers were also recorded to have enjoyed irrigation projects initiated and supervised by the queens.

If they were just puppets, how did the three sisters succeed one another in a row? The youngest sister even managed to have her daughter become queen as well. They all survived several coup attempts amid a fluctuating political situation in the region. All the men who challenged their power were "dealt with" in different ways. Nobody knows what actually happened to them, but they were never seen again.

Reading between the lines, scattered historical accounts suggest the queens were capable rulers who knew how to play both internal and regional politics. In other words, the ancient kingdom of Pattani prospered "because of", and not "in spite of", the queens.

The three sisters - Ijau, Biru and Ungu - succeeded one another from 1584 to 1635. Their father named them after the colours of the rainbow - Ijau means green, Biru is blue and Ungu is violet. Whether the rainbow connotation was intended as a good omen, the princesses did have a shining future - they all made their way to the prestigious throne without much struggle.

Raja Ijau ruled for 31 years before she died, and passed the throne to her second sister Biru, who led the kingdom for seven years. The throne then passed to the third sister, Ungu, who reigned for 12 years.

Among them, Ungu was the only one married. Her sister Ijau made her the bride of Sultan Abdul-Ghafur Mohaidin Syah of Pahang, another influential kingdom on the Malay Peninsula. Princess Ungu gave birth to a charming daughter, Kuning, who succeeded her mother as the monarch. She reigned for about 50 years in what was one of the wealthiest and longest reigns for the region.

Perhaps Raja Ijau's understanding of regional politics was deeper than her ministers might have realised. She had Princess Ungu marry the sultan of Pahang, given the close connections between Pahang and Johore at the time, and also tightened relations with Johore, another strong political centre on the peninsula.

In retrospect, Raja Ijau turned to concentrate on strengthening relations with neighbouring kingdoms because Pattani became relatively independent from the influence of Ayutthaya, the powerful inland kingdom. Ayutthaya, from 1564 to the 1590s, was struggling for its own survival against Burma and Cambodia.

Secure politics entailed economic prosperity. Pattani itself was among the best natural harbours along the lengthy east coast of the Malay peninsula. The mid-sized kingdom enjoyed long-distance trade with China and India, as well as localised trade with Siam, Malaya and Indonesia. It served as an entrepot to which pepper could be brought from the neighbouring lands for Chinese merchants in return for luxury textiles and porcelain. At the same time Indian textiles were brought to Pattani in exchange for gold, spices and foodstuffs.

Raja Ungu knew her marriage to the sultan of Pahang was to secure political and economic prosperity for Pattani. Love was not a part of it. To her, the marriage was for the "love for her land". Her situation was not much different from other women of other kingdoms in the region in the same period. Their parents sent them as "gifts" for rulers of kingdoms they wanted to make friends with for their protection or other security purposes.

However, what was different for Ungu was that she returned to Pattani and became queen after Raja Biru passed away. Her daughter, Kuning, followed in her footstep decades later by marrying into politics and for the love of her motherland.

Raja Ijau died in 1616 and was succeeded by Raja Biru. It was Raja Biru who sent her ministers to Pahang to request the return of Queen Ungu after she became a widow when Sultan Abdul-Ghafur Mohaidin Syah died. Ungu also brought with her Princess Kuning, who was then four years old.

Princess Kuning was only 12-years-old when her monarch aunt Raja Biru arranged her marriage to a nobleman from Siam, Okya Decho, a son of the ruler of Ligor, or Nakhon Si Thammarat, who served the king of Ayutthaya. By the end of the 16th century, Ayutthaya's power was on the rise again during the reign of King Naresuan.
At the time, no one could read the heart of Princess Ungu, who watched her daughter's wedding in silence.

Soon after Raja Biru died, however, Raja Ungu, who succeeded her sister in 1624, arranged for her daughter to be remarried to the Sultan of Johore. Indeed, Pattani under the reign of Ungu adopted an anti-Siam policy. Unlike her two predecessors, Ungu refused to allow herself to be called by the Siamese royal title Phra Chao.

Perhaps, Okya Decho would not have asked to return to Nakhon Si Thammarat had he known he would not be allowed to take his young wife with him.

When informed of the new wedding of his wife, a furious Okya Decho asked for permission from the king of Siam to lead Siamese troops to attack Pattani. To aid her defence, Ungu received support from her late husband's state, Pahang, and the Sultan of Johore also led his troops to help his mother-in-law. The Siamese troops weren't familiar with sea warfare. The week-long war ended with the heart-broken Okya Decho returning home empty handed.

The love story of Princess Kuning didn't end there, but continued dramatically until her last breath. Raja Ungu died in 1635 and Kuning succeeded her mother to the Pattani throne. After the funeral ceremony, Kuning's husband left Pattani for his homeland. The sultan asked his younger brother and his mother to stay in Pattani to guard Kuning from her ex-husband Okya Decho.

But the sultan had left the fish with the cat. The prince of Johore went too far from the role of protector. The Malay historical account of Hikayat Pattani stated that the prince "violated" Kuning. However, the prince did not seem to have Kuning's heart for long. Raja Kuning found her lover had committed adultery with a court singer. The prince of Johore appeared to be madly in love with the singer whom he planned to give a royal title.

However, many ministers and the people took the queen's side. They volunteered to "deal" with the problem for her. Raja Kuning only asked her men to spare the prince's life. The prince was never seen in Pattani again. He safely returned to Johore while the prince's mother and their people were later escorted by the queen's men to their homeland as well.

No matter how chaotic her personal life, Raja Kuning never forgot her duty as the ruler of Pattani. During her reign, Pattani returned to the glorious era of international trade. The queen ordered her men to expand the mouth of the Pattani River and to dredge the river's tideway to welcome an increasing number of cargo barges. The bay of Pattani shone with lights from trader junks day and night. The Hikayat Pattani noted that the last queen didn't live on royal revenues, she made her income from the crops in her own gardens, feeding and clothing herself from the profits on the flowers and vegetables. Moreover, she turned her personal possessions into royal property.

Unlike her mother, who was hostile to Ayutthaya, Raja Kuning decided to make friends with the larger kingdom by paying a visit in 1641. The queen of Pattani was welcomed by King Prasat Thong of Siam. They re-established relations and Siam promised to end its interference in Pattani, at least during the reign of Raja Kuning.

A decade later, nonetheless, Kuning was forced to leave the throne by Raja Sakti of Kalantan who staged a coup in 1651 after she failed to handle the internal conflict between the sultan and another prince. On her way to seek refuge in Johore, the last queen of Pattani died near the shore of Kalantan. Her body was buried in a small village called Kampung Pancor.
The queen's laughter and tears and her "love for the land" was also buried there.

Adat Berjojak Melayu Rawa Perak

2007-08-03T09:03:00.000+08:00

TUJUH jenis bunga, ibu kunyit hidup, cincin emas, tanah liat, gong, lilin dan mercun - semuanya disusun rapi dalam talam dengan kain kuning menandakan bermulanya adat Berjojak Melayu Rawa.Adat ini menandakan detik anak keturunan Rawa yang berumur setahun sebulan pertama kali menjejak tanah sejak lahir. Seluruh kampung hadir bagi menyaksikan saat paling penting untuk anak kecil ini.

Persalinan dan payung kuning digunakan, emas dipakaikan, manakala pengerasnya adalah ayam jantan atau betina mengikut jantina kanak-kanak, pulut kuning dan upah RM3.25.“Penduduk di sini percaya, jika ada yang enggan mengamalkan berjojak, anak akan ditimpa masalah ketika kecil atau meningkat remaja. Ada yang cirit-birit, tidak tumbuh rambut, malah ada yang jadi tak berapa betul,” kata Penyelaras Homestay Gopeng, Noradidah Mokhtar.

Wakil media yang menyertai Program Jelajah Homestay Perak baru-baru ini berpeluang melihat sendiri keunikan adat yang berasal dari Pagar Ruyong ini. Kami turut dijamu “Beras Dondang” yang menjadi hidangan wajib kepada tetamu majlis ini..Adat berjojak bukan satu-satunya tarikan di sini. Melayu Rawa mempunyai masakan istimewa seperti Masak Kelamai- pulut istimewa yang dimasak dalam buluh yang sudah dibuang kulitnya.

Bahasanya juga agak asing di telinga.Sesiapa saja yang berkunjung ke sini pasti akan tertanya-tanya mengenai kewujudan paip air lama berusia lebih 124 tahun yang merentasi kampung ini. Tiada lagi penduduk kampung yang masih hidup untuk menceritakan pembinaan paip untuk membasuh bijih timah di beberapa lombong di Perak ini.Asalnya ada tiga saluran paip bermula dari kawasan hulu Sungai Kampar. Satu sudah dirobohkan, manakala satu lagi akan menerima nasib sama tidak lama lagi. Satu lagi akan dikekalkan sebagai nilai warisan untuk tatapan generasi akan datang. “Ada penduduk kampung yang menebuk paip untuk mendapatkan bekalan air percuma. Sekarang, paip ini tidak digunakan lagi tetapi ia sudah menjadi sebahagian dari kampung ini,” kata Pak Mat yang 56 tahun menetap di sini.Homestay Gopeng yang meliputi tiga kampung - Kampung Sungai Itik, Kampung Jelintoh dan Kampung Pintu Padang hanya 15 minit perjalanan dari Ipoh. Mungkin hidup dalam kekangan adat yang masih kuat membuatkan masyarakat di sini juga amat ramah dengan orang luar.Penulis dan dua lagi rakan media beruntung kerana mendapat mak angkat, Halimah Saad, 56 yang cukup peramah dan sporting.

Sambil dihidangkan masakan gulai asam tempoyak dan ikan segar, kami sibuk mengorek cerita mistik dan Rasyid Mydin.“Orang kata dia ada ilmu ghaib, dulu kalau dia balik untuk melawat isterinya di sini, semua tidak akan tahu sehinggalah dia sampai di Gopeng. Dulu isterinya selalu sakit-sakit. Tetapi, isterinya di sini sudah lama meninggal.“Baru-baru ini ada orang datang untuk penggambaran filem bertemakan kemerdekaan di rumah lama Rashid. Selepas produksi itu selesai kerja, rumah itu ranap ditimpa pokok durian tua,” katanya.

Pagi hari kedua, kami beramai-ramai menari Poco Poco di balai raya kampung. Selepas bersarapan dengan mak angkat, kami bertolak ke Sungai Kampar untuk aktiviti “White Water Rafting”. Dua hari berada di sini sudah cukup menghilangkan tekanan dari bebanan kerja, mengejar “deadline” di pejabat. Pulang ke Kuala Lumpur, masih terkenang-kenang keenakan ikan bakar dan gulai masak tempoyak.

AKTIVITI LAIN DI SINI
Meneroka Gua Tempurung, gua batu kapur yang terletak di Gopeng, Perak. Namanya diambil sempena bentuknya seperti tempurung kelapa. Panjang gua ini mencapai 1.9 kilometer dan dipercayai telah wujud sejak 8000 Sebelum Masihi lagi.Selain menyimpan khazanah alam, gua ini turut tertulis dalam sejarah Malaysia. Gua ini menjadi tempat persembunyian komunis pada masa dahulu daripada 1950 hingga 1960. Manakala sejak daripada tahun 1970, Gua Tempurung telah dijadikan lombong bijih timah.

RUJUKAN PERCUTIAN
Homestay Gopeng
PCB Transportation Travel & Tours Sdn Bhd
Tel: 05-2427277/ 012-5060700
Faks: 05-2427290
Emel: pkcorp2@tm.net.my

Tourism Malaysia
Tel: 03-2615 8188
Faks: 03-2693 5884 / 2693 0207
Tourism Infoline: 1-300-88-5050
Emel: enquiries@tourism.gov.my
http://www.tourism.gov.my/

istiadat perkahwinan Di Raja Perak...

2007-05-17T08:47:00.000+08:00

Upacara perkahwinan Diraja Perak itu dijangka berlangsung selama tiga hari di Istana Iskandariah, Bukit Chandan di bandar Diraja Kuala Kangsar antara 17 dan 19 Mei ini.

Istiadat lantikan dan perisytiharan gelaran itu serta penganugerahan Darjah Kerabat (DK) kepada Zara akan dilaksanakan pada satu majlis penuh istiadat pertabalan pada 18 Mei ini iaitu sehari selepas tarikh pernikahan mereka iaitu Khamis ini.

Majlis akad nikah pasangan itu akan di kendalikan oleh Mufti Perak, Datuk Seri Harussani Zakaria.

Istiadat Perkahwinan Diraja bermula Khamis ini dengan istiadat akad nikah dan menyarung cincin yang diikuti dengan istiadat pertabalan Zara hari berikutnya sebelum acara kemuncak istiadat persandingan diadakan Sabtu malam (19 Mei ini) dengan penuh adat istiadat kesultanan Perak.Orang Melayu Perak Darul Ridzuan, khususnya Raja-Raja dan Orang Besar-Besar, sangat kaya dengan adat istiadat tersendirinya mengikut protokol ditetapkan penuh tradisi keluarga Diraja yang diwarisi turun temurun.

Namun, tidak dapat dinafikan bahawa kebanyakan adat resam yang diamalkan oleh golongan Raja dan Orang Besar-Besar sekarang dicampur-aduk dengan kehendak protokol moden dan pergaulan Barat yang dibawa masuk ke tanah air oleh penjajah Inggeris sebelum Malaysia memperoleh kemerdekaan. Lebih-lebih lagi adat yang didapati bercanggah dengan ajaran agama Islam serta adat yang dianggap terlalu kuno sudah pun dipinda mahupun disingkirkan. Menurut laman web kerajaan Perak yang memaparkan adat istiadat dan protokol Diraja Perak, sebenarnya adat istiadat orang Melayu banyak berubah mengikut peredaran zaman terutama bagi upacara perkahwinan.

Datuk Pengelola Bijaya Diraja Istana Iskandariah, Raja Datuk Seri Mansur Raja Razman, berkata majlis pernikahan secara sederhana dan ringkas itu adalah atas kehendak Sultan Perak Sultan Azlan Shah dan putera sulungnya, Raja Dr Nazrin sendiri."Tuanku mahukan majlis yang ringkas dan sederhana. Sungguh pun ringkas tetapi adat istiadat diraja itu kami pastikan kekal," katanya.Istiadat pernikahan kerabat diraja negeri Perak sepenuhnya, sepatutnya membabitkan lima peringkat iaitu meminang, akad nikah, berlimau, bersanding dan bersiram sampat, tetapi menurut Raja Mansur istiadat berlimau dan bersiram sampat itu tidak akan dilangsungkan bagi perkahwinan ini.Adat istiadat yang diamalkan oleh kerabat diraja Negeri Perak dalam upacara perkahwinan dibahagikan kepada lima peringkat seperti dimaklumkan Raja Mansur itu.

ISTIADAT MEMINANG:
Upacara perkahwinan Diraja Perak bermula dengan adat istiadat meminang, bagaimanapun sebelum istiadat ini disempurnakan, seorang wakil ditugaskan untuk merisik kedua-dua belah pihak.Selepas di ketahui pinangan itu diterima, sirih peminangan dihantar sebagai tanda.Peralatan sirih peminang bergantung kepada kemampuan seseorang, tetapi lazimnya tidak melebihi 16 bingkisan, iaitu lapan puan (bekas) keemasan yang bertetampan berisi sirih dan lapan bundi keemasan yang bertetampan berisi selengkap persalinan.

Jenis persalinan ialah kain benang emas jong sarat, kain benang emas bertabur, kain benang emas bertelepuk, kain benang emas Batu Bahara, kain limau benang emas, kain tengerarun, kain beras patah dan kain anak misal. Sekiranya peralatan sirih peminang itu memuaskan hati waris perempuan, maka peminangan itu diterima sebagai meletak tanda atau bertaruh kata.

Dalam adat peminangan seorang puteri diraja pula, peralatan sirih dibawa diiringi sepucuk warkah untuk dipersembahkan ke bawah Duli Tuanku Paduka Seri Sultan.

Orang Kaya Bendahara Seri Maharaja akan dititah membaca dan membalas warkah itu sama ada hajat itu diperkenankan ataupun sebaliknya.

ISTIADAT AKAD NIKAH:
Istiadat Akad Nikah akan berlangsung pada tarikh yang ditetap dan dipersetujui kedua-dua belah pihak. Pada hari berkenaan, pengantin lelaki berpakaian sederhana dan dipersilakan bersemayam di atas coir keemasan yang disediakan di hadapan petarakna diiringi oleh pengapit yang membawa mahar atau mas kahwin.

Sahibus Samahah Mufti Kerajaan Negeri akan dititah mewakili pihak pengantin perempuan sekiranya seorang puteri diraja, dan duduk berkumpul di hadapan pengantin lelaki bersama-sama dengan beberapa orang alim ulama sebagai saksi.

Mas kahwin dikira untuk memastikan bahawa jumlah adalah sama dengan jumlah yang ditetapkan dan kemudiannya dipersembahkan kepada waris perempuan. Selepas itu, Mufti Perak akan memulakan upacara akad nikah dengan membaca khutbah nikah disusuli dengan keterangan mengenai rukun nikah sebelum upacara ijab kabul disempurnakan yang diikuti dengan bacaan doa selamat serta selawat ke atas Nabi Muhammad SAW sebanyak tiga kali berturut-turut. Pengantin dipandu masuk ke puri peraduan puteri untuk istiadat membatalkan air sembahyang dengan menyentuhkan jarinya ke atas dahi isterinya. Serentak itu diadakan pula istiadat memutus kerajat, iaitu membuang atau menghalau pelak jembalang atau puaka daripada kedua pengantin. Kedua-dua pengantin dipakaikan dengan kain jong sarat yang dilapiskan dengan kain putih dan bertengkolok sering lalu dikalungkan dengan benang pertukal.

Kemudian dicacakkan dua batang dian (lilin) sembang di atas cermin muka di hadapannya lalu dipercikkan air tepung tawar, ditabur bertih dan beras kunyit. Ini diikuti dengan istiadat mengeratkan rambut sedikit daripada kedua-dua pengantin dengan gunting dan diandamkan tengkoknya oleh Raja Cik Muda (iaitu pawang diraja) sebelum istiadat Berlimau dijalankan.

ISTIADAT BERLIMAU:
Istiadat Berlimau ini terbahagi kepada dua peringkat, iaitu Istiadat Berlimau Besar (atau di kenali sebagai istiadat bersiram khutbah) dan Istiadat Berlimau Kerana Hendak Menampal Inai.

Kedua-dua istiadat ini biasanya dijalankan pawang darat dan pawang jahir mengikut jawatan dan kuasanya didahului oleh Raja Cik Muda.

Air yang digunakan untuk istiadat ini diambil daripada tujuh kuala sungai dan diisikan ke dalam geluk emas atau perak mengikut taraf masing-masing. Geluk dihiasi dengan daun nyior muda berjari lipan, diarak dan diiringi dengan nobat nafiri dan sebuah dulang yang berisi tiga ceper yang mengandungi beras kunyit, beras basuh dan berteh, empat batil berisi tepung tawar, air sintuk, air limau, air bunga panca persada dan sebatil bekas kemenyan serta bekas perasap.Istiadat mengambil air ini dilakukan oleh pawang sesama dengan istiadat mengambil air untuk istiadat bersiram tabal.

Istiadat Berlimau Besar atau Bersiram Khutbah:
Istiadat Berlimau Besar dijalankan selepas upacara akad nikah oleh pawing (bomoh tempatan) di sebuah balai khas dipanggil Balai Punca Logam, iaitu sebuah Balai Panca Persada yang kecil.

Kedua pengantin dipersemayamkan di atas petarakna dan dipersalinkan dengan kain basahan lalau disiram dan di kenakan bedak langir serta air limau dan air sintuk oleh kerabat diraja yang berdekatan.

Ini diikuti dengan menyiram air nyior dan air tawar menerusi kain putih yang dibentangkan di atas ulu pengantin berkenaan oleh empat orang penggawa. Bunga mayang dan bunga selimpat dicurahkan ke atas kain putih itu. Selesai istiadat persiraman, dipakaikan pula kalung benang pelucut panca warna atau kain pertukal ke leher pengantin untuk menolak bala.

Sambil berdiri dan bercermin dengan pasangan, dua batang lilin sambaing di kelilingi ke seluruh tubuh pengantin sebanyak tiga kali.Kemudian punca benang itu dibakar dan disuruh pengantin itu memadamkannya. Abunya disapukan ke kening dengan membawa maksud memutuskan perjanjian.

Selesai itu, kedua pengantin diarak balik ke istana dan disemayamkan di atas petarakna untuk bersantap nasi.

Istiadat Berlimau Kerana Hendak Menampal Inai
Istiadat Berlimau Kerana Hendak Menampal Inai, pada lazimnya, dijalankan tiga hari selepas istiadat berlimau besar. Di sebelah paginya dijalankan istiadat mengambil air daripada tujuh kuala sungai mengikut istiadat dan cara serta perarakan seperti yang dilakukan untuk bersiram khutbah mahupun bersiram tabal.

Tempat bersiram dan bedak langsir serta sintuk limau pun tidak berbeza kecuali istiadat memutuskan tolak bala dan memutuskan perjanjian sahaja yang ditinggalkan. Mengikut adat lama, inai yang ditampalkan ke tangan pengantin, diisikan ke dalam badan lembaga seekor lembu merak diarak dari kediaman Orang Kaya Besar Maharaja Diraja di sebelah petang, dan pada waktu malam selepas berlimau, pengantin lelaki dinaikkan ke atas perarakan dan dijalankan istiadat merenjis tepung tawar dan menampal inai dibawa masuk ke tempat peraduan. Ini diikuti oleh pengantin perempuan. Istiadat menampal inai ini hanya mengambil syarat saja, iaitu dicalitkan di atas jari atau tapak tangan. Mengikut adat, kebiasaannya biduanda pun menyanyikan lagu olek-olek anak raja beradu.

ISTIADAT BERSANDING:
Apabila tiba hari yang ditetapkan, kedua pengantin berpakaian istiadat dan diarak hingga ke istana lalu disambut waris pengantin dengan penuh istiadat. Kedua pengantin akan dipimpin dan disemayamkan di atas petarakna untuk Istiadat Bersanding. Ketika bersanding, istiadat menepung tawar dijalankan oleh beberapa orang Raja dan Orang Besar-Besar yang diikuti dengan melayani santap nasi adap-adapan dan bersuap-suapan oleh isteri Raja-raja yang berusia.

Selepas itu, Bidan Raja akan mengangkat tangan kiri pengantin lelaki dan tangan kanan pengantin perempuan lalu dikaitkan jari k e l e n g king keduanya dan ditutup pula dengan kain keemasan.

Kedua-dua pengantin kemudiannya bangkit dan masuk ke dalam pelamin peraduan, dan tirai dewangga pun dilabuhkan. Inang pengasuh dayang menunggu di luar dan biduanda yang mempunyai suara merdu akan menyanyikan lagu olek-olek anak raja beradu.

BERSIRAM SAMPAT:
Selepas tiga hari tiga malam istiadat bersanding, kedua-dua pengantin dipersalinkan dengan selengkap pakaian kerajaan dan diarakkan dengan jawat nobat ke Balai Panca Persada untuk menyempurnakan Istiadat Bersiram Sampat.

Pada zaman dulu, Balai Panca Persada, yang berbentuk empat persegi bertingkat tujuh, sembilan atau sebelas, didirikan di pertengahan sungai, tetapi kini memadai di tepi sungai atau di tengah padang.

Ianya berkisi di sekeliling, bertangga dan kemuncaknya bertungkup dengan kain keemasan dan daun budi.Pada empat bucunya dibangunkan Balai Persetakala iaitu tempat perkakas nobat, perkakas pawing, perkakas persiraman dan tempat biduanda berpantun seloka. Selepas kedua pengantin disemayamkan di atas petarakna, maka pawing-pawang di ketuai oleh Raja Cik Muda memulakan persiraman.

Kemudian, Bidan Raja mengenakan benang pertukal panca warna dilingkungkan pada kedua leher pengantin bersimpul pulih. Apabila benang pertukal itu diputuskan oleh Bidan Raja, maka tamatlah istiadat bersiram sampat.

Kedua pengantin selepas itu diarak balik ke istana dan dipakaikan dengan pakaian pengantin, disemayamkan di atas petarakna dan diberi santap nasi adap-adapan beras takona (iaitu nasi pulut).

Selesai bersantap, mereka dibawa menyembah atau memberi hormat kepada mentua dan ayahanda bonda kedua. Setelah selesai, dikurniakan sembah itu dengan wang emas dan lain-lain dinamakan lapik sembah oleh orang yang terkena sembah.

Karya Agung Melayu:

2007-01-26T09:40:00.000+08:00

CERITA Raja Muda tuturan Pawang Ana yang dirakam pada sekitar 1907 di Temoh, Perak, dirujuk sebagai Cerita Lipur Lara mirip Jack and the Bean Stalk dalam cerita rakyat Inggeris.

Diceritakan, Raja Bujang Selamat terpaksa memanjat pokok tinggi mengawan, bagi memenuhi keinginan isterinya, Tuan Puteri Lindungan Bulan yang mengidam buah nyiur gading. Dengan parang puting yang dipinjam daripada sepupunya, Raja Muda, sampailah Bujang Selamat ke tandan nyiur tetapi dikawal seekor ular dan dia membunuh ular yang melingkar di tandan itu.Selepas membunuh ular itu, Bujang Selamat masuk ke dalam mulut ular, merayap-rayap, merangkak-rangkak, tujuh hari tujuh malam dan akhirnya sampailah ke suatu padang, tempat terletaknya mahligai kepunyaan Tuan Puteri Telipuk Layu. Puteri itu bersedia memberi nyiur gading kepada Bujang Selamat dengan syarat anak yang akan dilahirkan, jika lelaki hendaklah dijadikan suaminya, jika perempuan, dijadikan adinda.Wira cerita ini sebenarnya ialah Raja Muda, yang mengembara kerana bermimpi seorang wali Allah, menyuruhnya mencari puteri kayangan, calon isterinya dan berjalanlah dia mencari Tuan Puteri Bongsu atau Tuan Puteri Bidadari Segerba.Dengan pertolongan nenek kebayan, dapat dia mengahwini tuan puteri itu dan percubaan hendak menerbangkan Raja Muda ke kayangan tidak berjaya, maka diciptakan ‘balai jentera berpusing’ untuk menerbangkan Raja Muda dengan tuan-tuan puteri kayangan.Tetapi sebelum berangkat, Raja Muda mendapat mimpi, konon alamatnya ‘hendak beristeri yang lebih bangsa dan elok rupanya’ dan Raja Muda merayu Segerba menangguhkan kepulangan ke kayangan kerana takut-takut bencana menimpa mereka.Bagaimanapun dia berdegil hendak pulang berjumpa ayah bondanya yang dirinduinya dan kepulangannya hanya dalam tujuh hari tetapi muncul pula ‘gajah kesaktian’ merangkul Raja Muda, lalu membawanya pergi. Pengambilan Raja Muda oleh gajah kesaktian tidak disedari nenek kebayan dan apabila Segerba turun semula ke bumi untuk bersatu kembali dengan Raja Muda, melalui kesaktiannya, dia tahu di mana Raja Muda berada: dia telah dirajai di negeri Tanjung Bunga Kembang Sekaki dan dikahwinkan pula dengan Tuan Puteri Kuntum Ratna Sari. Selepas bertemu, Segerba bersahabat dengan Ratna Sari dan memindahkan anak dalam kandungannya ke dalam rahim Ratna Sari, lalu akhirnya melahirkan anak perempuan, dinamai Puteri Renik Jintan, dibidankan Segerba sendiri.Berlaku peperangan yang dicetuskan Maharaja Imbangan Jajar, raja negeri Cempaka Sari, yang berhasrat mengahwini Renik Jintan sebaik terpesona mendengar kecantikan puteri itu, tetapi pinangannya ditolak oleh Raja Muda kerana sudah ditunangkan dengan Raja Seri Mandul, anak Raja Bujang Selamat, sepupunya. Maka oleh ‘terlalu amat murka’ dan ‘teramat malunya’, Imbangan Jajar melanggar negeri Tanjung Bunga Kembang Sekaki dan Maharaja Imbangan Jajar akhirnya kalah, lalu mati. Maka Raja Seri Mandul dinikahkan dengan Puteri Renik Jintan dan Puteri Telipuk Layu selain pesta besar-besaran diadakan manakala Raja Seri Mandul dijadikan Seri Maharaja Besar Suri, Yang Dipertuan negeri Benua Tua.

Cerita Lipur Lara dalam naskhah mewah boleh dibeli daripada Yayasan Karyawan dan maklumat lanjut hubungi talian 03-20952745...

"Freemasonry" enjoy patronage of Malay Sultans ???

2007-01-09T08:57:00.000+08:00

Freemasonry is a fraternal society that was founded in england in the early 1700's. the membersihp requirement included being male and believing in a supreme being. most of its members were from the ruling class as another requirement was that the person be free - as opposed to being a slave.it was a secret society which somehow evolved to being a society of secrets. its members are famously loyal to each other and will protect its members.contrary to popular belief it is not a semitic or zionist society.

So we learn at the very outset in our Masonic career that
indeed from the very beginning Freemasonry has enjoyed the
patronage of Monarchs. This is particularly true in the
United Kingdom where a whole string of Royal Princes who
were members of the Craft succeeded to the Throne. They were
King George IV, King William IV, King Edward VII, King
Edward VIII and King George VI.

What is not commonly known is that in Malaysia Freemasonry
has existed for 150 years. Freemasonry has also enjoyed the
patronage of the Malay Rulers or Sultans from as early as
1906 to the present time.

H.R.H. The Sultan of Johor.
---------------------------
The first member of the Malaysian royalty to become a
Freemason is undoubtedly HRH Colonel Sir Ibrahim, The Sultan
of Johore. His Royal Highness was initiated into Freemasonry
on 11th April 1906 in Empire Lodge No. 2108 in London and on
a subsequent visit was passed to the second degree in the
same Lodge.

After his passing he succeeded to the throne of Johore which
prevented him from returning to England as he took his new
duties and responsibilities very seriously and played a very
active role in the administration and development of the
state . So he remained a Fellow Craft for fourteen years.
Fortunately for Freemasonry, a new Lodge was formed in Johor
Bahru and when His Royal Highness came to know about it he
immediately supported it enthusiastically.

On 5th June 1920 the ceremony of his raising was conducted
by the acting Deputy District Grand Master W.Bro.
W.Makepeace for whom W.Bro. Lodger had vacated the Chair.
It is recorded in the Pentagram that the District Grand
Master was also present. In July 1920 he accepted the
office of Senior Warden when W.Bro. A.J. Shelley Thompson
was the W. Master.

W.Bro. Shelley - Thompson also had the distinct honour and
pleasure of installing His Royal Highness as W. Master in
July 1921 . The Mastership of the Sultan lasted two years
and three months as during this period the Installation
meeting was altered from the 3rd Saturday in July to the
third Saturday in October.

As provided for in the Book of Constitutions His Royal
Highness appointed a Deputy Master and W.Bro. Shelley -
Thompson performed very ably in this position . Although the
Sultan was not regular in his attendance at Lodge Meetings
his contributions to Freemasonry in general and Johore Royal
Lodge in particular were remarkable.

H.R.H. produced a 70 page book which he called "By Laws and
History of Johore Royal Lodge" which was beautifully printed
on art paper . This book contained general information as
well as 54 By - Laws which must have been the most
comprehensive of any Lodge By - Laws anywhere in the Masonic
world. At the top and bottom of each page was a quotation
from the Koran, each of which reflected the principles and
tenets of Freemasonry.

One can imagine how much time and energy must have been
spent in selecting the most suitable verses from the Koran .
In examining this book one has to come to the conclusion
that His Royal Highness believed that the teaching of
Freemasonry are compatible and in conformity with those of
the Koran . Every member of the Lodge was presented with a
copy of this beautiful book and we are fortunate to have one
of the original copies preserved in the Library at
Freemasons Hall London . The Sultan was so keen on
Freemasonry that while he was the Senior Warden his two sons
(Tunku Ismail the Tunku Mahkota and Tunku Abu Bakar the
Tunku Aris Bendahara) were initiated into Freemasonry on
19th March 1921.

His third son Tunku Ahmed was initiated, passed and raised
in Empire Lodge No. 21 08, London and became a Joining
Member of Johore Royal Lodge in the following year. During
his Mastership X His Royal Highness and his three sons were
all officers of the Lodge which must be a unique occurrence
in Masonic history anywhere in the world.

His Royal Highness The Sultan was a most generous benefactor
of the Lodge. He made sure that the Lodge was well housed
and equipped in every sense of the word with an excellent
charity record. Many expenses which should be paid for by
the Lodge were in fact paid by The Sultan himself. At the
end of his two year term of office in the Chair, the Lodge
Reference Committee thought it a splendid idea to mark the
occasion by purchasing its own crockery and cutlery with the
Lodge crest painted or engraved on each piece which even in
those days were not inexpensive. When the bills for these
items arrived the Lodge Committee presumed that HH The
Sultan would be pleased to pay them.

This was a very serious miscalculation, for The Sultan was
furious at having been taken for granted and also for not
having been consulted about this large expenditure in the
first place. Not only did he refuse to pay the bills but
with characteristic swiftness he resigned from the Lodge and
ordered his three sons and all government servants who were
members of the Lodge to do likewise.

This was a sad chapter in the history of the Lodge and
illustrates the fallibility of human nature. The membership
slumped to around 45 and the Lodge even lost the Army Drill
Hall as its regular meeting place and had to move to a room
above a coffee shop in Jalan Lumba Kuda. There is no doubt
that the blame for the above events lay squarely on the
Lodge Committee who should have been more sensitive to the
feelings of The Sultan.

There is evidence that The Sultan may have regretted his
quick temper and subsequent actions although he did not
rejoin the Lodge. This would have been a big loss of face.
The Sultan kept himself informed of all the activities of
the Lodge and when in 1925 he heard that the Lodge was
looking for a suitable site to build its own Lodge building
he made a generous offer to the Lodge. He would provide the
land if the members of the Lodge would erect the building.
The present Lodge building in Jalan Abu Bakar, Johor Bahru
is the result of The Sultan's challenge to the members of
Johore Royal Lodge.

Another item from Johor which is of interest is that the
Honourable Dato Abdul Rahman C.M.G. was installed as W.
Master of Empire Lodge No. 2108, London on 23rd May 1922
which it may be recalled is the mother Lodge of The Sultan
and his third son. He was the first and possibly the only
Malay to occupy the Chair of a London Lodge. It was a
remarkable and pleasing coincidence that His Highness The
Sultan and the Hon. Dato Abdul Rahman should be Masters of
English Lodges at different ends of the world during the
same year, some 74 years ago.

H.H. Tunku Abdul Malik Ibni Sultan Badlishah.
---------------------------------------------
The second member of the Malay Royal Family to become a
Freemason was Tunku Abdul Malik Ibni Sultan Badlishah who is
the younger brother of the present Sultan of Kedah. He was
initiated into Lodge Kedah No. 3830 E.C. Sungei Petani on
9th January 1959 and raised on 10th July 1959. He was 29
years old and was an Assistant Land Officer in the Kedah
Civil Service. He was proposed by W.Bro. Ahmad Sherriff, the
W.Master of Lodge Kedah and seconded by Bro. A. Halliday. He
was appointed as Inner Guard one month later. He served as
Senior Deacon in 1960, Junior Warden in 1961 and Senior
Warden in 1962 On 14th August 1965 he was installed as
Worshipful Master of Lodge Kedah by W.Bro Mustapha Osman,
P.A.G.D.C., A.D.G.M.

After his year as immediate Past Master he was appointed
Chaplain from 1967 to 1970. He was honoured by the District
Grand Master with the ranks of District Grand Steward in
1968, D.G. Standard Bearer in 1969 and Past District Grand
Director of Ceremonies in 1972. On 7th December 1974 he was
appointed District Senior Grand Warden by R.W.Bro. J.W.Y.
Eu, District Grand Master. In 1979, Tunku Malik resigned
from the Lodge due to circumstances beyond his control.
However he is still a Mason at heart and through the years
His Highness and his Consort regularly graced the Ladies'
Festivals and other Lodge Functions. Those of us who were
present at our Half-Yearly Communication held in Sungei
Petani, Kedah on 12th June 1993 must have noticed the
presence of H.H. Tunku Abdul Malik.

For the information of those not familiar with the history
of Kedah, Tunku Malik was The Regent of Kedah from 1970 to
1975 when his elder brother HRH The Sultan of Kedah became
the King of Malaysia.

HRH Sultan Idris Ibni Sultan Iskandar Shah
------------------------------------------
Raja Idris Ibni Sultan Iskandar Shah was 35 years old and
already the Raja Muda (Crown Prince) of Perak when he was
initiated into Freemasonry in Lodge Napier No. 3418 EC in
Ipoh on 9th July 1960. He was proposed by W.Bro. C.M.Yusuf
the W. Master of the Lodge and seconded by W.Bro. R.Boxall.

Six months after he was raised Raja Idris was appointed
Inner Guard on 9th Sept.1961 The next year he was appointed
the Assistant Director of Ceremonies. In the meantime he
succeeded to the throne and became HRH The Sultan of Perak
and did not hold any office in his Lodge for the next 13
years . On 3rd Sept. 1975 W. Bro. Yan Poh Lok appointed HRH
Sultan Idris as his Senior Warden. On 11th Sept. 1976 HRH
Sultan Idris was installed as the W.Master of Napier Lodge
No. 3418 E.C. by R.W.Bro. J.W.Y.Eu the District Grand Master
who was assisted by W.Bro. Sulaiman bin Edar, Bro. Tan Sri
Abdul Aziz bin Zain, W.Bro. Yeo Tiam Siew and W.Bro. E.L.S.
Jennings who was the Director of Ceremonies.

HRH The Sultan did not formally appoint a Deputy Master as
provided for in the Book of Constitutions and W.Bro. Yan Poh
Lok who is now the President of the Board of General
Purposes in the District Grand Lodge acted for him whenever
he was called away on official duty. As W.Bro. Yan Lok did
not install his own successor as W.Master, he had the
pleasure to do so in installing the successor to HRH The
Sultans as W. Master of Napier Lodge.

Conclusion.
-----------
It is a source of pride to me as a Malaysian to know that
some of the Malay Rulers were very enlightened and
appreciated the teachings of Freemasonry and found them
compatible with Islamic principles . It must be remembered
that Kedah and Johore are very traditional Islamic states
which until just a few years ago still observed Friday
instead of Sunday as a public holiday . It is also possible
that a member of the Pahang Sultanate could have been a
Freemason but since the Lodge there is under the Scottish
Constitution I have not carried out any research on it.

the taming sari keris is in perak.... where it belongs.....

2006-10-19T08:18:00.000+08:00

A LECTURER from an Indonesian university in Medan has challenged Raja Noor Jan Shah Raja Tuah, claimant to the Malacca Sultanate, to test the authenticity of his Taming Sari keris.

According to Kosmo!, Dr Mohammad Idrus Abu Hanifah of Universitas Pembinaan Masyarakat Indonesia said there was only one Taming Sari keris, and it has been kept by the Sultanate of Perak since the olden days.

“Raja Noor Jan should take his keris to Perak to compare it with the real Taming Sari keris there to prove its authenticity.

“The Taming Sari keris has its own magical powers and I can prove it if the Sultan gives his permission,” he said.

Dr Mohammad Idrus added that another way to distinguish the real keris from a fake was through the material used to make it.

He said the real keris would also enable the person holding it to be good in silat, even if he was not skilled in the martial art.

However, Dr Mohammad Idrus did not deny the possibility that Raja Noor Jan’s keris could be the Majapahit king’s keris or that of Patih Gaja Mada.

Late last year, Raja Noor Jan came forward with his claim that he was an heir to the Malacca Sultanate, saying that he had the regal artefacts to back his claims.

fYi...

2006-10-06T11:00:00.000+08:00

Head of State
The Head of State is Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Sultan Perak, Sultant Azlan Muhibuddin Shah Ibni Almarhum Sultan Yussuf Izzuddin Ghafarullahulahu Shah, DK., DKM., DMN., DK. (Kelantan), DK. (Trengganu), DK. (Perlis), DK.(Johor), DK, (Selangor), DK.(Kedah), DKMB.(Brunei), DK.(Negri Sembilan), SSM., PPM., PSM., SPCM., SPTS., SPMP., SIMP.

The Succession to the Perak Throne
The Sultans of Perak after 1786 were the descendants of Sultan Ahmaddin Shah, the 18th Sultan of the State, who was also known as Marhum Bongsu.

Descendants of the Sultan Ahmaddin Shah's three sons - Sultan Abdul Malik Mansur Shah (the 19th Sultan), Raja Inu and Raja Abdul Rahman - took turns to ascend the throne.

This brought about a unique system where the Sultans of the State come from three families.

On the death of a Sultan, the son will not the the automatic successor although he can be made the new Ruler. Six people has the right to ascend the Perak throne upon the demise of a Sultan - the Raja Muda, the Raja DiHilir, the Raja Kecil Besar, The Raja Kecil Sulung, the Raja Kecil Tengah and the Raja Kecil Bongsu. Although it is not automatic, the Raja Muda is usually made the new Sultan by the Dewan Negara Perak, which comprises dignitaries of the State.

The present Ruler, Sultan Azlan Muhibbuddin Shah, is a descendant of Sultan Abdul Malik Mansur Shah.

Apart from the six titled princes, there are several other dignitaries, all headed by the Orang Kaya Bendahara Seri Maharaja. They are the Orang Besar Empat, Orang Besar Lapan, the Toh Muda Orang Besar Empat, the Toh Muda Orang Besar Lapan, the Orang Besar 16 and the Orang Besar 32. The number of people with each of the titles is as suggested by the name.
They are appointed by the Sultan on the advice of the Dewan Negara to carry out specific duties entrusted upon them from time to time. The Dewan Negara functions as the Sultan's advisory body.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Duli Yang Maha Mulia Paduka Seri Sultan Azlan Muhibbuddin Shah ibni Almarhum Sultan Yusuff Izzuddin Shah Ghafarullahu-Lah (born 1928 in Batu Gajah, Perak) was the ninth Yang di-Pertuan Agong (roughly equivalent to King) of Malaysia from April 26, 1989 to April 25, 1994, and as of 2006 is the current sultan of Perak.

A child of Sultan Yusuff Izzuddin Shah ibni Almarhum Sultan Abdul Jalil Nasruddin Makhtaram Shah (reigned 1948-1963) by his commoner wife (later divorced) Toh Puan Dewangsa Khadijah binti Ahmad, the young Raja Azlan Shah was brought up by his mother outside royal circles.

Perhaps due to this unusual upbringing, then Raja Azlan Shah, who was educated at the Malay College Kuala Kangsar grew up to be a very intelligent young man. As he had elder brothers who outranked him in the order of succession, he was trained for the legal service. Upon graduation from the University of Nottingham, Raja Azlan Shah became a magistrate. He rose to become the youngest high court judge in the Commonwealth, and later the youngest ever Lord President of the Federal Court of Malaysia in 1983.

However, in that same year, by a strange twist of fate, Raja Azlan Shah was installed Raja Muda or Crown Prince of Perak by his uncle, Sultan Idris Almutawakkil Alallahi Shah II. The long reign of that Sultan had taken its toll on Raja Azlan Shah's elder brothers. In that year, his only surviving elder brother, Raja Baharom Shah, refused the office of Crown Prince and Raja Azlan Shah was suddenly heir presumptive.

Within six months, Sultan Idris was dead and Sultan Azlan Shah succeeded to the ancient Perak throne. His legal career over, he became a much respected Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia in 1989. He served the full five year term and returned as Sultan of Perak in 1994.

Sultan Azlan Shah married a commoner from Penang, former teacher Bainun binti Mohamad Ali, who served as the first ever commoner Raja Permaisuri Agong. The couple were the first monarchs of Malaysia to be installed on new gilded silver thrones, replacing the wooden ancient thrones used between 1957 to 1994.

Sultan Azlan Shah Hockey Tournament is an annual hockey tournament which is played in Kuala Lampur named after Sultan Azlan Shah.

what now??

2006-09-13T08:35:00.000+08:00

A claim by 49-year-old Raja Noor Jan Shah Raja Tuah that he is an heir to the throne of the now-defunct Malacca Sultanate has been dashed.

Last November, when he made the claim, he had said he was a descendant of Sultan Abdullah Mohammad I (1851-1857) and was supposedly 22nd in line to the Perak throne, through the ruler’s son Raja Alang Abdul Rahman.

A descendant of Sultan Abdullah, Raja Ali Raja Amran, 58, has told Kosmo! that Raja Noor Jan should not involve the Perak royalty in his claim as there was no evidence that Sultan Abdullah had a son named Raja Alang Abdul Rahman.

“I believe Alang Abdul Rahman and his wife Hitam Fatimah are commoners,” said Raja Ali.

“Based on my investigation, Noor Jan’s family comes from Kampung Raja and Kampung Teluk Perang, Parit.”

Raja Ali, a candidate for Raja Kecil Bongsu Perak, has drawn up a Perak Sultanate lineage from the time of Sultan Abdullah Mohamad I which was authenticated by the Perak Palace.

He said history books, including A History of Perak by R.O. Winstedt and R.J. Wilkinson, did not include the name of Raja Alang Abdul Rahman.

Written in 1934, the book recorded the names of Sultan Abdullah’s children – Raja Mahmud, Raja Ibrahim, Raja Ali and Raja Alang Jaafar.

“Facts will remain facts, history cannot be altered. I call on Raja Noor Jan to stop linking himself with my family!” Raja Ali added.

- original article -

2006-09-10T10:29:00.000+08:00

The legendary Puteri Gunung Ledang is part of our rich heritage and should not be used to glorify another culture at the expense of our own. RAJA ZARITH IDRIS writes.

MY father used to throw dates and historical anecdotes at me, willing me to catch what he said in mid-air. He told me that I was named after Zaris Gangga from the kingdom of Gangga Negara, which was established in the 11th century at a site where present-day Dinding, Bruas and and Manjung in Perak are. Whether for good or bad, I bear that name still, and hope that my children will name one of their daughters after me one day.

My father also explained why Perak Sultans do not wear mahkota (crowns) at their pertabalan (installation) ceremony.

After the Portuguese captured Malacca in 1511, Sultan Mahmud Shah, the last Sultan of Malacca, established a new court in Johor, and attacked them in 1517, 1520 and 1521. He then sailed to Kampar, in Sumatra, just before he died. An entourage from Perak came to his court and asked for his permission to allow one of his sons to rule Perak. He agreed and commanded his son, Raja Muzaffar Shah, to sail to Perak, and to take with him all the royal regalia that once belonged to Malacca. While sailing to the mouth of the Perak River, Raja Muzaffar Shah's ship became stuck in the mud. Fearing that the ship would capsize because it was too heavy, he tried to lighten it by throwing as many objects overboard as possible. Finally, he threw the mahkota (crown) into the water. By coincidence, the ship then came free and could sail on. When he was made ruler of Perak, Sultan Muzaffar Shah (1528-1549) issued a decree that, from that day on, none of his heirs, when installed as Sultan, could wear a mahkota.

Despite the loss of the mahkota, the rest of the Malacca royal regalia was still in Sultan Muzaffar Shah's possession. This included the Taming Sari kris, which apparently belonged to Hang Tuah, the famed Malacca a warrior. The Taming Sari is tucked into the bengkong (waist sash) of each Sultan of Perak on the day that he is installed as ruler of the state.

For many centuries now, it has been in the safekeeping of successive Sultans. I remember the times my father allowed me to hold the Taming Sari in my hands. On its golden hilt were rubies of a pale pink colour, like faded flowers. A green enamel was painted onto the gold base of the kris. The blade was darkly stained, a mixture of shades of brown, grey and deep red. Were the deep, dark reds on the tip of the blade merely rust or are they the stains of the blood of those who were slain by it? History supports the claim of the Perak royal family as direct descendants of the Malacca Sultanate: "Perak's prestige rose considerably when a new dynasty was established by Sultan Muzaffar Shah, a son of Sultan Mahmud Shah, the last ruler of Melaka...

The founding of Perak also signified a further extension of Melaka's Malay culture, for the reign of Sultan Muzaffar Shah ... brought not only refugee members of the Melaka court, but also its customs and traditions."

Historical events are also noted in one of the most respected pieces of Malay literature, the Sejarah Melayu, which has been attributed to Tun Sri Lanang. It was written not just as a historical account but also "to 'set forth the genealogy of the Malay rajas and the ceremonial of their courts so that this can be heard by (the king's) descendants...' " (A History of Malaysia by Barbara Watson Andaya and Leonard Y. Andaya, 1982, second edition 2001.) When I wrote the children's book, Puteri Gunung Ledang (Penerbit Fajar Bakti, 1995), some journalists who reviewed it wondered if I could begin a revival of literature written by those within palace walls, much in the same way that Tun Sri Lanang, a palace courtier, wrote Sejarah Melayu.

Flattering though the comparison may be, I know that nothing that I have written thus far can be compared to Tun Sri Lanang's Sejarah Melayu, which has stood both the test of time and the scrutiny of scholars. My ability to string more than two sentences together is but like the shadow of a grain of rice compared to the bountiful harvest that was Tun Sri Lanang's gift to Malay literature. My main concern in re-telling Puteri Gunung Ledang was that it should remain as Malaysian as possible. Since Islam is the official religion of Malaysia, and because I, too, am Muslim, I did not want to offend others of my faith and so I depicted the Puteri as wearing baju kurung or baju kebaya. I grew to love the princess I had created in words and pictures. Thus, when the locally-produced film Puteri Gunung Ledang portrays the legendary princess as being part of a royal court from another country, I was crushed. Is it so very awful to portray Puteri Gunung Ledang as Malaysian? Was Puteri Gunung Ledang real? We do not know.

She had been given life by word of mouth, from one family to another, from one generation to the next. The legend of Puteri Gunung Ledang belongs to all Malaysians. Most of us are used to the idea that she was a mysterious woman bred, if not born, in this wonderful land we call our home. Artistic licence allows Puteri Gunung Ledang to assume any identity that her creators have chosen for her, and so in the film of the same name, we are told that she came from the kingdom of Majapahit.

Since she was said to have left Majapahit to be near Hang Tuah during Sultan Mahmud's reign, then it places her at or near the time of the Portuguese conquest of Malacca in 1511. The same artistic licence indeed gives the rest of us endless possibilities as regards her real identity. Perhaps she was a member of Portuguese nobility and bore the name Ana Crisitina Gaminha de Azevedo. Perhaps she was one of the many "treasures" that Admiral Zheng He brought from China. Who knows, she and Mahsuri of Langkawi may be of the same bloodline. The present Johor royal family came into power from the time of Temenggong Daeng Ibrahim (18th ruler of Johor) and is proud of the state's heritage, including its store of legends. What the Johor royal family share with the other royal families of Malaysia is pride in successfully establishing a Malaysian rather than a Javanese identity.

Even though most of us, as part of kerabat diraja (royal lineage), know that our ancestors came from either Sumatra or Java, we also know that we must adapt ourselves to ever-changing sensibilities and sensitivities. The French saying, Plus ca change, plus ca meme chose describes this necessity to change with the times. For example, after the Melaka Sultans became Muslims, the women of the court wore loosely-fitted baju kebaya or baju kurung rather than bare their shoulders and arms the way that their Hindu ancestors did.

Each royal court has its own Adat Istiadat Istana (palace ceremonies). It seems strange then that none of them were asked to contribute details about such ceremonies when the producers of Puteri Gunung Ledang decided to make a film about the legendary princess. It also beggars belief that "research" was done at a kraton (a Javanese word for palace) in Indonesia, away from the Malaysian istana (palaces) of Kedah, Perlis, Trengganu, Kelantan, Selangor, Pahang, Negri Sembilan, Perak and Johor.

If Malaysian istana ceremonies are to be sniffed at, why then is there such great interest every year as to whom will be conferred the title of "Datuk" by the Sultan of each of the nine states? Why does the title carry so much more weight than an "Encik"? The wife of a "Datuk" becomes a "Datin" and this title also accounts for the decisions of some young women to marry unattractive, balding older men.

For the sake of a love triangle that never happened, we are hoodwinked into believing that a legendary princess of whom our grandparents and parents talked about, is not our own. I believe that all of us bear the responsibility to ensure that Malaysian legends, with or without artistic licence, are not used as vehicles for personal fame nor to glorify the ways of another culture at the expense of our own.

I realise that by putting forth my grievances on paper, I make myself the target for those who think that all Malaysians should be proud of its first multi-million ringgit epic movie. If the same blood of the Melaka Sultans flow in my veins, even if it be just a drop, and even if my ancestors, such as Sultan Mahmud Shah, were awful men, let me say that a great love for my heritage and my country means that I must make a stand, regardless of the criticisms. Keranamu Malaysia -- for you, Malaysia, let not our blood nor those of our ancestors either flow or be shed in vain.

* Raja Zarith is the daughter of Almarhum Sultan Idris Shah of Perak (33rd Sultan of Perak). The line of sultans have been unbroken since the death of Sultan Mahmud, the last Sultan of Perak. She graduated with a Bachelor of Arts Honours degree in Chinese Studies from Oxford University.

legends & folklore

2006-03-11T10:38:00.000+08:00

& Malacca, having such a long and illustrious history, is not lacking in its share of legendary figures and tales of bravery and sacrifice.

Most of Malacca's history is recorded in the Sejarah Melayu (Malay Annals) and other epics. These writings tell of brave warriors, both male and female, as well as tales of sacrifice for state and king, while others depict the rule of the various Sultans. Some of the best-loved stories revolve around the legendary 15th century warrior, Hang Tuah, and his adventures as his Majesty's loyal servant.

For Love of His Friend
Would anyone betray a blood brother for a king, more so when the king had done him a grievous wrong? How does one measure loyalty to one's king? And how far would one go to uphold one's principles?

Not easy questions to answer. But two legendary warriors from Malacca did find out and both paid the ultimate price, one with his life, the other with the life of his friend. Hang Tuah and Hang Jebat fought a duel to the death over the question of loyalty to the sultan, forsaking the ties that had bound them since they were children.

Once upon a time in olden Malacca, there were five young boys who grew up together. Hang Tuah, Hang Jebat, Hang Kasturi, Hang Lekir and Hang Lekiu were inseparable and they were known as the 'Five Companions' in the 17th century epic, Hikayat Hang Tuah. Blood brothers, they learnt martial arts and were equally skilled. Their lives took a turn when they saved the life of the Bendahara (equivalent to today's Prime Minister) of Malacca, Tun Perak. For Hang Tuah, it ultimately lead to everlasting fame as the epitome of Malay loyalty, while Hang Jebat would still be labelled a traitor for centuries after.

The sultan was so impressed with the skills of the five that he immediately gave them positions at his court. Hang Tuah, soon became the Sultan's favourite. The Sultan gifted him with a beautiful keris, the Taming Sari, a traditional dagger said to possess supernatural powers. The sultan was pleased with Hang Tuah and did not bother to hide it. Naturally, this blatant show of undisguised appreciation did not go down well with the other court officials who had served for a much longer time.

The officials plotted Hang Tuah's downfall; they waited until Hang Tuah's four friends had left court on the Sultan's errands and then they spread rumours that Hang Tuah had seduced the Sultan's favourite consort. One would have expected the Sultan to at least hear Hang Tuah's side of the story first, seeing as the admiral was his favourite official. But alas, when the story reached the Sultan's ears, he was so angry that he immediately ordered Hang Tuah to be killed on sight.

The Bendahara Tun Perak, whose life the companions had saved, knew that the courtiers had framed Hang Tuah and spirited him away to a secret hiding place. The Sultan was informed that Hang Tuah had been executed. Tun Perak kept the truth all to himself, and when the other companions returned, they heard the sorry tale.

Hang Jebat was beside himself with grief; he could not understand how the Sultan could have simply ordered the death of his most faithful servant without even giving him a chance to prove his innocence. Disillusioned and broken by the death of Hang Tuah, he ran amok at the palace and sought revenge, killing everyone in his path who tried to protect the Sultan. Fearing for his life, the Sultan approached the Bendahara and expressed his regret at ordering Hang Tuah's execution so hastily, for no one else could hope to defeat Hang Jebat.

When the sultan agreed to pardon Hang Tuah, the Bendahara told him the truth. Joy turned to dismay when Hang Tuah was told of his new 'mission', and he was torn between his king and his friend, for by now, Hang Jebat was beyond reasoning and nothing but the death of the Sultan would appease him as he saw his king as a faithless person.

Hang Tuah loved his king as much as his friend, and his heart broke to hear of what Hang Jebat had done to avenge him. But he was also a man who had been ingrained with the propaganda that the king deserved absolute loyalty and if the sultan saw it fit that he should die, he would willingly give up his life. So, finally after long hours of soul-searching, he made his decision and went in search of Hang Jebat.

Hang Jebat was overjoyed to see Hang Tuah; their reunion was tinged with sadness as Hang Jebat would no longer swear allegiance to the Sultan and so began their duel to the death as Hang Tuah reproached Hang Jebat for being a traitor to the ruler. They fought many rounds and as both were equally skilled, the duel seemed to have reached a deadlock. Finally, Hang Tuah drew out his keris, the Taming Sari, as a last resort, and dealt a fatal thrust to Hang Jebat.

As his friend died in his arms, one can't help but wonder if Hang Tuah had regretted then that he was the Sultan's favourite as that had led them to be caught in the web of jealousy spun by others, envious of their success and had forced him to take the life of the person who had loved and believed in him.

Hang Tuah went down in history as a hero who had made the worthy sacrifice while Hang Jebat was labelled a traitor, all for the love of his friend.

Puteri Gunung Ledang
Few things are more romantic than finding out that the person who says that he loves you is willing to do the impossible to win your heart and hand. But there has got to be a limit to what can and should be done, as the Sultan of Malacca found out.

Once, the people believed that there was a beautiful princess living in the mountains near Malacca and she was known as Puteri Gunung Ledang, or the Princess of Ledang Mountain. No one knew exactly where she lived and few had ever seen her before. But those who did came back with tales of great beauty, charm and grace.

When the Sultan of Malacca heard about her, he was immediately captivated and wanted to make her his wife. He sent many emissaries, including his most trusted warrior, Hang Tuah, to comb the mountains and present his proposal to the princess. He had no doubt that she would agree to be his wife as he was the ruler of the most powerful kingdom around. Nevertheless, the parties returned empty handed, finding no trace of anyone living in the mountains.

The sultan was so enamoured of his elusive love that he soon became rather sick with despair. It was then that the princess appeared to him one night. She asked him how sincere he was and what he would do to prove his love. He told her that he would do anything and give her everything she wanted. She was not convinced and told him that some things were impossible to be done. He was adamant and so she finally laid down her terms. If he could meet them, then she would consent to be his wife.

The first thing she asked for was seven huge jars of tears, but not just anybody's tears. The tears had to come from virgin maidens. The sultan was undeterred and set about collecting them. Very soon, he had the jars ready but the princess still would not marry him. This time she asked for seven containers full of mosquito hearts. The besotted Sultan did her bidding. She finally asked him for one last thing - the blood that flowed out of the heart of his nine-year old son. The sultan was shocked. But being a red-blooded man in love, he actually considered fulfilling that gruesome wish.

It was then that the princess appeared and stopped him. She reproached him for even thinking about harming his own son at the request of a woman he so wanted to have. She told him then that she would never marry him and then disappeared. The sultan, of course, sent his people out to look for her, but they never found her and she never came to him again.

As kind as she was beautiful, the princess wanted to see if the ruler would forsake his people when confronted with temptation - would his desires be tantamount or would he be a wise and just ruler, able to care for his subjects? For she was no ordinary mortal; she was a princess of the mystical realms that exist in the days of old.

bisik bisik

2006-03-10T10:33:00.000+08:00

a reader sms me :
Kenapa dia tak ditabalkan di Melaka? Buat kat Taman Melati pulak. hehe. Aku yang merupakan seorang peminat sejarah Melayu apabila terbacakan headline berita ini terbeliak bijik mata terkejut bercampur perasaan lucu yang membuak-buak. Teringat aku pada 1950-an dulu apabila ada sebilangan kecil waris-waris Kesultanan Johor (empayar Johor-Riau zaman pra perjanjian Inggeris-Belanda 1824) di Singapura ingin mengembalikan pemerintahan monarki beraja dengan mewujudkan Sultan Singapura. Sememangnya tak ke mana.

Musykil juga aku. Apa sebenarnya tujuan 'Sultan Melaka' ni. Kalau zaman dulu di mana raja berkuasa mutlak, logiklah jugak kalau dia nak dakwa jadi raja. Lepas ni media tempatan tak perlulah lagi heboh-hebohkan isu ini. Lebih baik diam saja dan biarlah 'Sultan Melaka' yang baru ini bertakhta dan bersemayam di alam fantasi.

utusan malaysia berbisik :
Mungkinkah akan tercipta sejarah baru negara apabila Melaka akan kembali mempunyai Sultan selepas kejatuhan kesultanan Melayunya 477 tahun lalu?

Ini kerana seorang lelaki yang mendakwa sebagai waris kesultanan Melayu Melaka, Raja Noor Jan Shah Raja Tuah telah melakukan istiadat Penganugerahan Watikah Gelar Adat Kesultanan Melaka Ke-44 di Dewan Pusat Komuniti Taman Melati, Gombak, dekat sini, malam tadi.

Melalui istiadat itu, Raja Noor Jan Shah mendakwa beliau sebagai Sultan Melaka yang ke-44 dengan membawa gelaran Sultan Ahmad Shah.

Sementara itu Menteri Kebudayaan, Kesenian dan Warisan, Datuk Seri Dr. Rais Yatim menolak kemungkinan untuk memberi pengiktirafan kepada mana-mana pihak yang mahu mengembalikan semula takhta Kesultanan Melaka.

Kata menteri itu, pada perkiraan beliau adalah sukar untuk pihak yang mendakwa itu membuktikan kesahihan tuntutan mereka.

Raja Noor Jan mendakwa, beliau adalah keturunan Sultan Melaka, Sultan Mahmud Shah (1488-1511).

Menurut Datuk Kurnia Setia, Datuk Ab. Latiff Daud yang menjalankan `tugas-tugas khas diraja' itu, kemunculan semula takhta kesultanan Melaka adalah satu perkara yang serius.

Dakwanya, perkara itu telah diperhalusi ke Persidangan Majlis Raja-Raja Melayu sebelum ini yang tidak dihebahkan kepada umum.

Beliau memberitahu demikian kepada Utusan Malaysia pada istiadat tersebut di sini malam tadi.

Ab. Latiff berkata, Sultan Mahmud mempunyai putera bernama Sultan Muzzaffar Shah I yang memerintah negeri Perak (1528-1549) sehingga kepada Sultan Perak Ke-22, Sultan Abdullah Muhamad Shah I Marhum Durian Sebatang (1851-1857) dan dari keturunan inilah munculnya Sultan Ahmad Shah Ke-44 yang bakal menjadi Sultan Melaka itu.

Ab. Latiff mendakwa, pihak Arkib Negara juga telah mengiktiraf salasilah Sultan Ahmad Shah ini adalah yang benar-benar berhak menduduki takhta setelah menjalani kajian selama tujuh tahun.

``Zaman pusaka Kerajaan Melaka, Sultan Ahmad Shah ini bermula dengan istiadat pertama sebelum ini pada 30 Oktober lalu,'' katanya.

another view :
Aku rasa mahu menggelegak darah rakyat melaka bila mendengar berita ini. Campurlah..marah, keliru dan macam-macam lagi. Generasi mak aku memang cukp tebal dengan sejarah. Mereka boleh bercerita tentang sejarah Melaka bila-bila masa saja. Sampai aku rasa..kalau sesiapa yang nak ambil PMR, dengar cerita orang generasi mak aku ni tentang sejarah melaka...dah boleh cover bab kesultanan melayu melaka dalam buku teks tu.

Kata ibu..rakyat melaka tak menolak kemungkinan ..perkara ini benar. Sebab ada beberapa teori..iaitu memang benar sejarah melaka yang tertulis setakat sampai kepada sultan mahmud mangkat dijulang. Tetapi sebenarnya keturunan sultan melayu melaka tidak habis disitu kerana, sultan mahmud mangkat dijulang adalah cucu kepada Tun Fatimah, dan Tun Fatimah sebenarnya mempunyai 2 orang anak lelaki termasuklah ayah kepada sultan mahmud mangkat dijulang. Dan satu lagi..Ingat tak kisah Sultan Melaka yang amat ingin memperisterikan Puteri Gunung Ledang? Waktu itu Sultan mempunyai seorang anak yang bernama Raja Ahmad. Kisah Raja Ahmad lahir dari pemaisuri yang tidak begitu masyhur ini tidak disebut lagi oleh sejarah Melaka, kemungkinan dia turut serta lari sewaktu melaka diserang Portugis.

Portugis juga telah menyebarkan propaganda bahawa sememangnya keturunan Sultan Melaka telah habis kerana semua kubur Sultan-sultan dan keturunan melayu melaka telah dimusnahkan, hingga kini cuma makam sultan alaudin riayat syah sahaja yang ditemui.

Tetapi apabila setelah berabad lamanya..bukanlah mudah untuk rakyat melaka menerima kembali kehadiran seseorang yang menggelarkan dirinya sultan melaka, walau tidak menolak kemungkinan itu benar, kami dah terbiasa tidak bersultan...dan ianya adalah sejarah yang cukup bermakna..sejarah tentang kezaliman portugis yang terakam dalam hati setiap rakyat negeri melaka.

Ibuku adalah pesara Jabatan Pendaftran Negara, dan sewaktu ayah kepada Raja Noor Jan Shah memohon agar gelaran tengku untuk dirinya dimasukkan dalam KP baru, ibu masih bertugas lagi. Kata ibu..memang agak gempar juga JPN Melaka masa tu.Sejak sistem baru diperkenalkan pada tahun 2000 tak silap aku..sebarang nama gelaran seperti Tengku hanya akan dibenarkan sekiranya benar ia berkaitan dengan salah-silah warisan.Kata ibu gelaran raja noor ni terlepas dalam IC kerana sewaktu pendaftaran kelahirannya dibuat dibalai polis.So dia takder masalah utk masuk gelaran tu dlm KP baru sebab sijil kelahiran dah tercatat nama tu.Aku dapat bayangkan..situasi masa ayah dia mohon masuk gelaran Tengku dlm KP baru.

kerani pendaftaran: Kenapa encik nak masukkan gelaran Tengku?
Ayah Raja: Sebab saya keturunan sultan melaka..
Kerani Pendaftaran: Errrrr..sekejap saya call ibu pejabat.
Ibu Pejabat: Apaaaaaaaaaaaaa???????? Sultan Melaka?????????

Hahahah..tolong aku nak gelak.Sultan hanya berdaulat apabila rakyat mendaulatkannya..yang peliknya kenapa ditabal di gombak? Konfirmlah..xde daulat.Nak jadi Raja Gombak mungkin boleh.
Aku bac a..ada jugalah dia nak buat kat melaka...tapi adakah kerajaan melaka akan terimanya..entahlah, apa pun..aku rasa..pangkat dan harta ni tak bawa kemanalah..

followed comments :
Saya rasa dia ada banyak sebab dan bukti untuk claim title/throne kesultanan Melaka. Jangan kita mentertawakan beliau, kalau benar Tamingsari tu ada dalam simpanan beliau maka tergugatlah kesultanan Perak. Selama ini keris yang dikatakan Tamingsari berada dalam simpanan kesultanan Perak, olih itu apa pula keris yang dipakai olih kesultanan Perak itu? Hah.. sudah goncang kesultanan Perak, kerana dalam sejarah sebelum ini pun menceritakan keris itu telah dibuang kedalam sungai olih Hang Tuah, alih-alih ada pula diPerak, orang yang tahu pasti ketawa kerana keris diPerak itu bukan nya Tamingsari tapi Pamongsari. Olih itu eloklah sejarah baru itu dibuka untuk membongkar sejarah lama yang penuh penipuan yang ditulis olih orang yang berkepentingan dalam berkerabat diraja.

mungkin benar...mungkin tidak, mmg keturunan sultan melaka dahulu terpaksa menyembunyikan diri kerana takut di dibunuh penjajah.

Tapi ...ntahlah...kuasa...payah nk ckp.

Gombak dulu dibawah jajahan Melaka. Baik beraja anak tempatan dari Gabenor orang luar yang bagi pingat kat orang luar aje. Kesultanan Melayu Malaysia kebanyakkan bukan Melayu. Dan wijud dgn bersubahat dgn British. Dulu Tok Janngut, Semantan dan Mat Kilau bergelar pengkianat tetapi selepas merdeka bergelar Pahlawan. Kebanyakkan anak Melaka hendakkan sultan kembali. Ali Rustam orang NS bukan orang Melaka tulin jadi dia kenalah cakap macam gitu.

hmmm... camne pulak dgn bbrp khazanah kesultanan melaka yg berjaya di keluarkan tu...

aku rasa dia sendiri xnak gelar diri dia sultan melaka (sama mcm bbrp org yg lain yg sebenarnya keturunan sultan)... tp mungkin atas petanda yg dia dapat atau tanggungjawab yg terpaksa dia laksanakan...

aku x mengiyakan atau pun menidakkan... tp bila pk2 balik kenapa penjajah sungguh2 nak hapuskan keturunan sultan melaka... ko tau jerla org yahudi & kristian ni kaji kitab... kalo tgk sirah pun derang ni la yg banyak bunuh nabi2 & rasul2.. termasukla rasulullah saw... tp tetap mereka hanya merancang, rancangan Allah jua yg berjaya... wallahua'lam

Al-kisahnya

2006-03-10T10:32:00.000+08:00

Mengikut Adat Raja-Raja Melayu warisan Melaka, menjadi Raja kepada sebuah kerajaan diperoleh melalui dua cara.

1) kenaikan takhta sebagai mengganti Sultan yang mangkat atau turun takhta atas sebab-sebab tertentu.

2) penganugerahan wilayah dan penobatan daripada mana-mana Sultan yang masih hidup dengan disertakan alat kebesaran.

Contohnya, Raja Muhammad yang dianugerah Kerajaan Pahang daripada ayahandanya, Sultan Mansor Shah Melaka, Raja Lumu yang menjadi Sultan Selangor 1 atas nobat Sultan Perak, Tun Zainal Abidin yang menjadi Sultan Terengganu 1 atas nobat Sultan Johor Lama dan banyak lagi contoh lain. Inilah sistem yang diamalkan oleh Raja-Raja Melayu sejak berkurun lamanya.

Menjejaki sejarah Melayu lebih awal, Sang Nila Utama sendiri ditabalkan oleh Demang Lebar Daun, Raja Palembang dari Bukit Siguntang yang menyerahkan kerajaan Melayu Palembang kepada baginda dan menobatkannya sebagai Raja Melayu pertama, yang mana Demang Lebar Daun kemudian meletakkan dirinya sebagai Bendahara Melayu yang pertama.

Kebetulan adat pelantikan dan pertabalan seperti ini yang diamalkan Raja-Raja Melayu ada dalil syarak iaitu termasuk dalam proses aqad dan bai’at, dibuat bagi memastikan tidak putus rantaian salasilah sebuah kerajaan Islam dari zaman khalifah selepas wafatnya Rasulullah.

Satu-satunya cara bagi Raja Noor Jan menuntut takhta negeri Melaka adalah dengan menghadap Sultan Azlan Muhibbuddin Shah Perak sebagai pewaris darah Kesultanan Melaka yang sah dan berdaulat.

Mohonlah perkenan baginda untuk menobatkannya sebagai Raja Melaka dengan disertakan alat kebesaran Kesultanan Perak. Menuntut takhta Melaka semata-mata dengan bersandarkan pada hubungan salasilah dengan Sultan Mahmud Shah 1 (1488-1511) sebagai faktor kelayakan bukanlah muktamad kerana cabang keturunan baginda adalah terlalu besar.

Perjumpaan alat kebesaran Melaka juga bukan bukti, sebaiknya diserahkan kembali kepada Kesultanan Perak sebagai pewaris Melaka.

the tree

2006-03-09T10:32:00.000+08:00

JW

2006-03-04T10:30:00.000+08:00

JW adalah anak jati negeri bersejarah MELAKA
Walaupun JW lulusan dalam bidang teknologi maklumat dan telekomunikasi, tetapi minat JW pada sejarah negeri Melaka amat mendalam kerana sifat ingin tahu sentiasa bermain difikiran dan setelah dikaji beberapa perkara yang berkaitan ianya menjadi lebih kompleks dari apa yang dijangkakan

Perkara ini menjadi lebih menarik apabila banyak bahan sejarah negara termasuk artifek yang berharga telah dibawa keluar oleh penjajah. Oleh itu sejarah negara terutama sejarah Melaka agak kabur dalam pelbagai aspek sehingga menimbulkan andaian yang ditafsirkan sebagai lagenda dan ada sesetengah pihak agak terdesak memerlukan bukti kukuh untuk dicatatkan sebagai sejarah.

Pada hakikatnya Melaka pada suatu ketika dulu pernah mempunyai empayar yang amat luas seperi rajah.

Atas dasar ini kita perlu balik ke pangkuan agama yang menjadi teras rujukan kita terutama ketika kita dalam kesesatan kerana kekurangan bahan kajian. Sejarah Berulang Kembali adalah merupakan kata-kata keramat yang digunakan orang seluruh dunia. Manakala pembohongan menjadi sebahagian daripada perjalanan sesuatu sejarah itu sendiri dan ianya juga menjadi penyebab jatuhnya sesebuah empayar.

Sesungguhnya ini merupakan pendedahan berani JW kepada anda sekalian terhadap pelbagai kemelut yang berlaku sekarang serta menyentuh secara terang-terangan institusi diraja atau Kesultanan Melayu Melaka khususnya. Ini secara tidak langsung akan mencemarkan institusi itu sendiri dan apatah lagi mereka yang pernah mendakwa Sultan Melaka tidak diambil sebarang tindakan walaupun pelbagai pihak menafikannya.

Tindakan kerajaan yang mengambil mudah soal ini telah mengundang persoalan yang lebih besar antaranya adalah;

Dimanakah letaknya maruah MAJLIS RAJA-RAJA yang terpaksa berdiam diri walaupun dicemari sewenang-wenangnya oleh pihak tertentu? Sedangkan bangsa sendiri tidak menghormati raja atau sultannya, oleh itu janganlah kita menaruh harapan bangsa lain akan menghormatinya.

SEJARAH BERULANG KEMBALI
Kesultanan Melayu Melaka khususnya merupakan hirarki yang tertinggi dalam kepimpinan negara. Sepatutnya ianya harus dihormati dan dipelihara kedaulatanya. Sesungguhnya sultan yang berdaulat sentiasa disanjungi rakyat jelata.

Kalau dikaji sehalus-halusnya, kedaulatan sultan itu datangnya dari beberapa sumber yakni:

Melalui Sejarah Melayu :
Keturunan Sultan Melayu berasal dari RAJA ISKANDAR ZULKARNAIN
(Keturunan Nabi Ishak A.S ).

Melalui Sejarah Melayu :
Perkahwinan dengan Puteri India telah mengikuti amanat Nabi Allah Khidir A.S

Melalui Sejarah Melayu :
Perjanjian Sumpah Sang Sapurba dengan Demang Lebar Daun iaitu “Raja tidak boleh zalim terhadap rakyat dan rakyat tidak boleh menderhaka kepada Raja.

Kebanyakan Sultan di negara ini berketurunan Syed yang bermaksud keturunan ARAB Bangsa Quarish. Yang mana pada tahun 2005 kerabat diraja di beberapa negeri pernah mengambil inisatif dengan memanggil pengkaji-pengkaji sejarah dan para ulamak diseluruh nusantara untuk memastikan kewujudan pertembungan susur-galur Rasulullah S.A.W dengan Kesultanan Melayu.

Sebagai Pemerintah Islam yang berdaulat akan sentiasa disanjungi rakyat jelata yang bersatu-padu tanpa berbelah-bahagi dengan membina empayar menentang musuh yang berpengalaman, lebih kuat dan besar seperti kerajaan MAJAPAHIT dan SIAM. Kesultanan Melayu Melaka amat mengutamakan kepentingan rakyat dan ini dituntut oleh Islam. Atas dasar ini Melaka menjadi sebuah empayar yang makmur, hebat dan mahsyur serta disegani di rantau ini suatu ketika dahulu.

Kenapa pihak berwajib tidak memandang serius terhadap kewujudan Sultan Melaka.

JW kehairanan mengapa dan kenapa ramai sangat orang yang mendakwa sebagai Sultan Melaka sejak kebelakangan ini. Sesungguhnya kedaulatan sultan jangan dipandang remeh. Sebab itu kita lihat banyak tempat atau tapak sejarah di negeri Melaka masih menjadi misteri dan akan terbongkar satu-persatu setelah naik tahktanya Sultan Melaka yang sebenar.

Sultan Mahmud Syah Keturunan Raja Parameswara Penuh Kontroversi

Sebagai rakyat jati Melaka, JW amat tersinggung terhadap pemerintah negeri yang telah menukar taraf kediaman Gabenor Melaka kepada Istana di Bukit Beruang Melaka baru-baru ini. Seperti mana yang kita sedia maklum, istana merupakan kediaman sultan atau raja sahaja. Asal sejarah Negeri Melaka adalah negeri berdaulat. Jangan jadi bangsa Melayu yang tidak beradab untuk mencemarkan minda generasi akan datang. Inspirasi terbinanya Istana Melaka kini mendorong ramai yang menuntut menjadi sultan.

Sudahlah menjadi satu sindiran pada anak Melaka bahawa;
Ada Bukit dan Lubok diberi pada Cina,
Ada Tanjung dan Kampung diberi pada Keling,
Ada Tempat juga diberi nama Kampung Portugis, Kampung Belanda dan Kampung Jawa,
Sedangkan Kampung Melayu dinamakan Kampung Morten.
Sekarang tambahan lagi ada Istana tak diberi kepada raja

APA DAH JADI !!!

Setahu JW Putera Sultan Mansur Shah dengan Puteri Hang Li Po menjadi Sultan di Langat Selangor. Manakala Sultan Melaka yang terakhir adalah Raja Haji anak Daeng Celak yang telah berjaya mengambil kembali empayar Melaka setelah menewaskan Belanda. Susurgalur yang berkaitan datangnya dari negeri Selangor dan Perak iaitu Sultan Abdullah Muhammad Shah 1 Marhum Durian Sebatang (1851-1857) mempunyai Putera bernama Sultan Yusuf Sharifuddin Mu`azal Shah yang pernah menjadi Sultan Perak selama setahun sahaja. Baginda menghilangkan diri bersama-sama Alat Kebesaran ekoran Peristiwa Pasir Salak dan telah berhijrah ke Klebang Besar Melaka dan telah menyamar orang kebanyakan. Penduduk setempat menggelarkan baginda Sultan Arab Nurhabib dengan panggilan Nurbib. Baginda juga mempunyai anak bernama Raja Patimah yang masih hidup hingga kini (01/2006) dan telah pun berusia 78 tahun. Di akhir hayat Baginda telah amanahkan banyak Alat Kebesaran Diraja termasuk Kesultanan Melaka kepada anaknya ketika itu berusia 15 tahun.

JW bagi pihak pencinta sejarah berharap mana-mana pihak terutama Pengkaji Sejarah, Pihak Jabatan KIMIA Dan Forensik yang masih meragui kenyataan saya ini bolehlah menghubungi Jejak Warisan.

Sesungguhnya Jejak Warisan cuma mendedahkan kebenaran kerana orang yang berhak berdiam diri, menyerah takdir menyebelahinya pada suatu hari nanti tanpa dituntut, kerana haknya tetap kepunyaanya. MasyaAllah, InsyAllah.

Seperti Seiring Camar Pulang Setia Pada Janji

Sultan Yusuf Sharifuddin Mu`azal Shah (Sultan Perak Ke-27)

2006-03-04T10:25:00.000+08:00

Jejak Warisan telah menjejaki susurgalur baginda yang dipercayai masih wujud hingga kini dan bagindalah mewarisi pelbagai alat kebesaran Kesultanan Melayu Melaka dari ayahanda beliau Sultan Abdullah Muhammad Shah 1 Marhum Durian Sebatang Sultan Perak Ke-22 (1851-1857).

views (bacalah sendiri!!)

2006-03-03T10:09:00.000+08:00

mat rempit : pasal apa lah berkawan ngan jin..

gustiadipati : ADA LAGI KE ISTIADAT NIE?

hazz : orang perak rasanya tahu istiadat ini terutamanya yang duduk di kawasan kuala kangsar, bandar diraja perak?

livtylerjadian : Ekceli tak mustahil orang orang besar mcm ni berdampingan dgn jin atau yang seangkatan dgn nya.

pakcik kordi : Setahu pakcik, antara istana raja raja Melayu yang kuat mengamalkan adat istiadat seperti ini ialah Perak, Selangor dan Pahang. Tapi istana Perak mungkin lebih kuat sebab keturunan salasilah di rajanya memang bersambung ke kesultanan Melaka dulu. Mungkin daulatnya kuat berbanding raja raja lain

lomang : setahu aku kumpulan Nobat nih bukan calang2 org boleh main... mereka nih mewarisi dari datuk ke anak cucu.... ada gak Raja yang resah gelisah kepanasan bila duk bersemayam tak tahan dengan badi Nobat...bila tak de dulat tu jadik muntah darah... kerajaan jin tak terima agak nyer....

hazz : kisah nobat memang dah betul, pemainnya datang dari kerabat yg 8,16 atau 32 atau yg mewarisi turun temurun

raja resah? kerajaan jin? so far takde tapi yang didampinginya YA, kalau resah yang teruk adalah orang kebanyakan tapi ada yang bertahan sehingga kini...

marlb20 : kerajaan Perak sejak dari dahulu kala memang ada pendamping...termasuk panglima2 nya...

hazz : " istana Perak mungkin lebih kuat sebab keturunan salasilah di rajanya memang bersambung ke kesultanan Melaka dulu. Mungkin daulatnya kuat berbanding raja raja lain"

hazz rasa dah memang betul lah nie tapi nak tahu pengakhir istiadat pertabalan jin. Lagipun Beras Beting Basah berkenaan ngan kisah istiadat nie kan?

awang zahri : Dengar kata... disebabkan permaisuri Sultan Perak bukan berdarah bangsawan... maka jin2 istana Perak telah dikumpulkan di satu bilik khas.

Yg Istana lama tu pula... (Yg dah jadi muzium tu)... memang keras sikit. Masa Sultan Idris mangkat, katanya ada bunyi nobat dimainkan.

zul84 : ntahla ckgu sjarah aku pn ckp yg perak paling kuat bnda2 cmni.dia bgtau mase sultan idris mngkat dulu nobat tu berbunyi sndiri.tp ntahla..

hazz : Pasal Permaisuri Sultan Perak YES dia bukan darah bangsawan tetapi they all bukan tinggal sana lagi di Bukit Chandan, sekarang di Istana baru di Ipoh.

Istana Bukit Chandan memang keras tempatnya, itu memang saya akui... Istana Iskandariah & Istana Lama pun sama jugak seperti di Bukit Chandan.

Kematian seorang raja melayu selalu dikaitkan dengan nobat, please read below :

Perkataan NOBAT adalah berasal dari Negeri Parsi yang bermakna sembilan (9) jenis. NOBAT dirangka mengandungi :-

1. Gendang Nobat - biasa dikenali sebagai Gendang Nyennyalu.
2. Nafiri - digunakan dalam memulakan sesuatu lagu Nobat.
3. Gendang Nengkara - gendang yang membawa lagu.
4. Serunai - alat yang mengiringi lagu-lagu yang dimainkan.
5. Gendang Penengkah - gendang yang memasuki irama
didalam sesuatu lagu.

Diantara senarai yang tersebut diatas, Gendang Nobat adalah yang paling di hormati. Ianya menduduki tempat yang tertinggi dan di gunakan untuk kegunaan Di Raja sahaja. Walau bagaimana pun DYMM Paduka Seri Sultan Perak boleh menitah NOBAT ini digunakan untuk mengiringi sesuatu istiadat atau dalam upacara menghormati jenazah. Kepentingan kehormatan yang diberi adalah bergantung kepada alat-alat yang digunakan.

Untuk NOBAT DIRAJA PERAK hanya lima daripada sembilan alat digunakan pada setiap masa. Pemain-pemain Alat Nobat adalah terdiri daripada keluarga-keluarga tertentu sahaja iaitu mereka yang berketurunan Orang-Orang Kalur.

Pada zaman dahulu kawasan BilikNobat dipagarkan dengan bulu ayam dan sesiapa yang mencerobohi kawasan ini akan dihukum dan didenda. Ketua Nobat diberi gelaran Toh Setia Guna dan pembantunya bergelar Toh Setia Indera.

Mengikut Adat Istiadat Negeri Perak tiada Sultan yang boleh dianggap berdaulaat sehingga ia nya ditabal dengan bunyian NOBAT. Mengikut Adat Lembaga Negeri Perak menyatakan bahawa rangka yang digunakan didalam membuat gendang-gendang NOBAT adalah berasal daripada 'Teras Kayu Jerun' dan kulitnya adalah daripada 'Kulit Tumur'.

Pada zaman dahulu kala sebelum masuknya Islam, Kulit Gendang Nobat ini diperbuat daripada Kulit Perut Orang Perempuan Mengandung Sulung....walau bagaimana pun ini telah bertukar dan pembaharuan rangka ini sekarang diperbuat daripada kayu keras dan kulitnya daripada kulit kambing.

Lagu-Lagu NOBAT DiRAJA NEGERI PERAK :-
1. RAJA BERANGKAT (GENDANG BERANGKAT)
2. PUTERI MANDI MAYANG.
3. RAMA-RAMA TERBANG TINGGI.
4. KUMBANG SI KUMALI. (KUMBANG KEMBALI).
5. ARAK-ARAK ATANDIS. (ENTEALS) (ARAK-ARAK UNTANDAI).
6. ALEH-ALEH PANJANG.
7. ALEH-ALEH PANDAK.
8. DANG GENDANG.
9. LENGGANG CHE' KOBAT.
10. JONG BER-ALEH.
11. ANAK RAJA MEMBASUH KAKI.
12. GENDANG PERANG.
13. NOBAT TABAL.
14. NOBAT RAJA.
15. NOBAT KHAMIS.
16. NOBAT SUBUH.

NOBAT SUBUH, NOBAT KHAMIS dan NOBAT RAJA hanya boleh dimainkan di sebelah pagi dan petang dan NOBAT TABAL dimainkan semasa pertabalan dan permakaman jenazah. Lagu PUTERI MANDI MAYANG dimainkan semasa menyambut ketibaan Bulan Ramadhan tiga petang berturut-turut iatu pada petang 28, 29 dan 30 dalam bulan Sya'aban pada tiap-tiap tahun.

RAJA BERANGKAT (GENDANG BERANGKAT) iaitu lagu yanng dimainkan semasa Kebawah DYMM Paduka Seri Sultan Perak berangkat mencemar Duli di upacara rasmi.

NOBAT DIRAJA PERAK dibunyikan untuk upacara atau istiadat saperti berikut :_
1. sesuatu yang berkaitan dengan peribadi DYMM Paduka Seri Sultan Perak.
2. masa pertabalan DYMM Paduka Seri Sultan Perak dan DYMM Raja Perempuan Perak atau YTM Tengku
Permaisuri Perak.
2.1 Masa Istiadat TABAL JIN.
2.2. Masa Istiadat BERSIRAM TABAL (MANDI SAMPAT).
3. hari MELETAK KERJA (Memulakan Kerja).
3.1 hari Meletak Kerja untuk menyambut perayaan Ulangtahun Keputeraan DYMM Paduka Seri Sultan Perak.
3.2 hari Meletak Kerja kerana perkahwinan atau berkhatan Putera dan Puteri DYMM Paduka Seri Sultan Perak.
3.3. Perarakan mengambil AIR DATU (Air Bersiram Tabal) dan BERLIMAU BESAR (tertakluk kepada titah
DYMM Paduka Seri Sultan Perak).
4. Istiadat di Balairong Seri Menyambut Ulangtahun Keputeraan DYMM Paduka Seri Sultan Perak.
5. Istiadat Menjunjung Duli. (Perlantikan Raja Bergelar atau Orang Besar Negeri Perak).
6. keberangkatan DYMM Paduka Seri Sultan Perak melawat ke luar negeri. (tertakluk kepada titah Sultan).
7. mengiringi jenazah DYMM Paduka Seri Sultan Perak atau DYMM Raja Perempuan Perak atau YTM Tengku
Permaisuri Perak ke Makam Di Raja.
8. perkahwinan dan berkhatan Putera dan Puteri DYMM Paduka Seri Sultan Perak.
9. istiadat kebesaran negeri iaitu pada masa lawatan Raja-Raja Negeri lain ke Negeri Perak.
10. hendak memulakan Puasa pada bulan Ramadhan - tiga petang berturut-turut iaitu pada petang 28, 29 dan 30 dalam
bulan Sya'ban pada tiap-tiap tahun.
11. pada petang 24 Ramadhan menyambut malam 25 Ramadhan, dan petang 28 Ramadhan hingga sampai petang
malam Hari Raya Aidil Fitri.
12. pada masa DYMM Paduka Seri Sultan Perak bersiram pada pagi Hari Raya Aidil Fitri dan Aidil Ad'ha.
13. tiap petang berturut-turut hendak menyambut Hari Raya Aiil Ad'ha. iaitu petang 7, 8 dan 9 Zulhijjah.
14. menyambut keberangkatan tiba DYMM Paduka Seri Sultan Perak ke Masjid kerana bersembahyang Hari Raya
Aidil Fitri dan Hari Raya Aidil Ad'ha dan berangkat meninggalkan Masjid.

awang zahri : Great info Hazz. Pasal Permaisuri Perak tu... katanya... antara sebab2 mengapa depa tak tinggal kat Bukit Chandan adalah kerana permaisuri 'tak serasi' tinggal kat situ. Ini.. kata kawan Awang la... cucu Sultan Idris... (Mungkin juga dia tipu Awang yg inesen ni.)

hazz : cerita yang tak serasi tu memang betul, katanya kena ganggu & panas. nak tipu pun tak boleh sebab orang istana sendiri yang mengaku begitu sebab tu pindah rumah baru. entahlah, bagi hazz, apa pendapat orang sekeliling itu adalah mereka tetapi apa yang permaisuri alami semua orang tak tahu kecuali dia.

kekadang terfikir jugak, apa terjadi Raja Nazrin Shah (anak sulung Sultan Azlan) berkahwin dengan orang kebanyakan dan pada masa yang sama dia ditabalkan menjadi Sultan Perak selepas Ayahandanya Baginda Sultan Azlan? Mungkin fenomena ini berlaku balik selepas apa Bonda Permaisuri alami dulu?

Apa pandangan anda?

katakhujan : aphal wat upacara tabal jin time senja..tak sembahyang magrib ker...baik solat maghrib berjemaah..dapat gak pahala..bukan ker solat itu amalan yang pertama sekali dihisab pada hari akhirat...???

hazz : upacara tabal jin tetap berlaku hanya di kalangan raja raja melayu, bukan nak kata menyembah tapi benda nie berlaku semenjak dulu lagi.

jackthekiller : Ada kaitan dengan DAULAT ke>?...

hazz : memang ada kaitan dengan DAULAT, tak kena betul muntah darah dengarnya...

DAULAT raja raja melayu lain sedikit, nak kata sihir bukanlah tetapi hanya yang berdarah raja akan tahu semua benda ini.

tabal jin

2006-02-25T10:07:00.000+08:00

TABAL JIN adalah merupakan suatu istiadat turun temurun bagi Salahsilah Kesultanan Perak.Cuma di Negeri Perak ini sahaja yang ada istiadat TABAL JIN didalam Tanah Melayu ini. Negeri Perak merupakan salah satu negeri yang tertua dirantau ini dan Sultan yang memerintah biasanya didampingi oleh JIN-JIN Islam. Disini lah kita akan melihat kedaulatan seseorang Sultan itu dimana baginda akan di NOBATKAN dahulu sewaktu hari pertabalan baginda. Istiadat Tabal Jin ini biasanya dilakukan pada sebelah senja/malam dan diterangi hanya oleh dian (lilin) sahaja.

Istiadat TABAL JIN dimulakan dengan paluan NOBAT DIRAJA pada sabelah senja sehari selepas Istiadat TABAL ADAT disempurnakan. Istiadat ini dilakukan pada waktu malam.

Selepas Jejawat Berlembing dan Jejawat Berpayung Ubur serta Jejawat Perempuan, memegang kaki dian dan Bentara Perempuan membawa Perkakas Istiadat Merenjis mengambil tempat masing-masing didalam Balairong Seri didahului oleh Panglima Dalam dan diapit oleh Panglima Perang Kanan dan Panglima Perang Kiri, dan dibelakang nya Pawang DiRaja menatang akan PEDANG CURA SIMANJA KINI, bersama Toh Seri Nara DiRaja menatang PONTOH BERNAGA dan PONTOH ULAR LIDI diatas talam berlapikkan kain kuning dan diikuti olih Sida-Sida. Biduanda-Biduanda menatang PERKAKAS KERAJAN masuk ke Balairong Seri dan diletakkan kesemua diatas meja yang disediakan di iringi dengan paluan NOBAT.

Selepas itu Pawang DiRaja dengan menatang PEDANG CURA SIMANJA KINI dan Toh Seri Nara DiRaja menatang PONTOH BERNAGA dan PONTOH ULAR LIDI keluar dari Balairong Seri didahului oleh Panglima-Panglima masuk ke Kamar Persenangan lalu mempersembahkan kepada Kebawah Duli Paduka Seri Sultan. Baginda kemudian diiringi berangkat ke Balairong Seri dengan iringan paluan NOBAT 'Raja Berangkat'.

Apabila sampai di Singgahsana, Baginda Sultan akan bersemayam diatas 'Chior Keemasan' yang disediakan dihadapan Singgahsana. Kemudian Pawang DiRaja mengadap dan mempersembahkan PEDANG CURA SIMANJA KINI kepada Baginda Sultan yang akan meriba Pedang tersebut. Selepas itu PERKAKAS KERAJAN dibawa mengadap oleh Sida-Sida dan Biduanda-Biduanda kehadapan Baginda Sultan. Kemudian dikuti pula oleh Bentara Toh Ratna Senari dan Bentara Toh Ratna Wati masuk mengadap membawa PERKAKAS ISTIADAT MERENJIS dan dikuti pula oleh Toh Setia Guna (Ketua Nobat) bersama Ahli-Ahli Nobat DiRaja masuk ke Balairong Seri memohon limpah perkenan Baginda untuk meletak PERKAKAS NOBAT DIRAJA ditempat yang telah disediakan. Kemudian 'Istiadat Memulih' PERKAKAS KERAJAN dan PERKAKAS NOBAT DIRAJA dijalankan dan juga 'Merenjis Tepung Tawar'. Satelah selesai bacaan Doa Selamat disempurnakan oleh Sahibul Mufti Kerajaan Negeri Perak.

Satelah selesai upacara 'Memulih Perkakas Kerajan dan Merenjis Tepung Tawar', diikuti pula dengan 'Istiadat Bersiram Tabal' (Mandi Sampat) dimulakan di PANCA PERSADA. Baginda Sultan dan isteri akan berangkat dari Pintu Besar Istana. Pawang DiRaja memulakan 'Istiadat Mengelilingi Balai Panca Persada' sebanyak tujuh kali dan dibantu oleh Bomoh dan Pawang Tempatan dan Bentara-Bentara yang membawa 'Perkakas Merenjis'. Sepanjang keberangkatan Baginda NOBAT dipalu sehingga Baginda bersemayam diatas 'Perterakna Seri Panca Persada'.

Semua Putera dan Puteri baginda akan mengambil tempat di belakang Perterakna serta diringi oleh Y.Bhg.Orang Kaya-Kaya Panglima Kinta Seri Amar DiRaja, Y.Bhg. Orang Kaya-Kaya Panglima Bukit Gantang Seri Amar DiRaja dan Y.Bhg.Orang Kaya-Kaya Imam Paduka Tuan. Istiadat 'Merenjis Tepung Tawar' disempurnakan diikuti dengan bacaan Doa Selamat oleh Sahibul Samahan Mufti Kerajaan Negeri Perak.

Selepas itu 'Upacara Bersiram Tabal' (Mandi Sampat) pula dimulakan oleh Pawang DiRaja sendiri dari awal hingga akhir keatas Perkakas Istiadat Bersiram Tabal. Kain putih direntangkan dan daun nyiur muda bentuk jari lipan ditaruhkan keatas kain putih yang diregang dan dipegang oleh Toh-Toh Puan ditiap-tiap penjuru. Istiadat Bersiram Tabal dimulakan dengan mengambil sebatil GELUK berisi Air Datu dan dicurahkan keatas kain putih sehingga habis Enam Belas Batil GELUK yang berisi air. NOBAT dipalukan sepanjang Istiadat Bersiram Tabal. Satelah selesai Istiadat Bersiram Tabal, Baginda berdua akan menyalin pakaian dan berangkat turun dari Seri Panca Persada berselimut dengan 'Kain Benang Emas Kekuningan', dan diarak balik ke ISTANA.

Satelah menukar kepada Pakaian Kebesaran DiRaja, DYMM Paduka Seri Sultan Perak akan berangkat masuk ke BALAIRONG SERI (NOBAT dipalu) dan bersemayam diatas PETERAKNA SINGGAHSANA. Pawang DiRaja melulakan 'Istiadat Merenjis Air Panca Bicara' keatas PERKAKAS KERAJAN yang sedia ada terletak diatas meja dihadapan Singgahsana, 'Merenjis Tepung Tawar' ketasa Baginda Sultan dan diikuti dengan meletakkan 'BUNGA PENCAWA PENCARA' ditelinga Baginda

Pada waktu istiadat ini NOBAT DIRAJA akan memainkan lagu diantara empat hingga sembilan lagu. Toh Setia Guna (Ketua Nobat) akan memerhatikan gerak geri Paduka Seri Sultan ketika paluan NOBAT dipalukan. Dari sini, kedaulatan seseorang Sultan itu akan dapat d**etahui. Mengikut adat, sekiranya Baginda dapat bertahan lama diatas Singgahsana (iaitu dapat bertahan sehingga tujuh lagu keatas dipalukan oleh NOBAT) ini menunjukkan pertabalan Baginda telah direstui oleh JIN-JIN KERAJAN dan Baginda akan memerintah Negeri Perak ini lama atau pun panjang umur. Akan tetapi sekiranya Baginda hanya dapat bertahan empat atau lima lagu sahaja...petandanya umur Baginda mungkin pendek. Toh Setia Guna akan memberi isyarat kepada Ahli Nobat supaya memberhentikan paluan NOBAT apabila melihat Baginda Sultan dalam keadaan 'resah gelisah' diatas Peterakna Singgahsana.

Sewaktu NOBAT dipalukan, PEDANG CURA SIMANJA KINI akan 'bergerak-gerak' dengan sendirinya (dimana seakan-akan hendak keluar dari sarungnya). Ini menunjukkan JIN KERAJAN berserta dalam ISTIADAT TABAL JIN ini dan merestui pertabalan Baginda. Istiadat TABAL JIN selamat disempurnakan selepas upacara 'SANTAPAN NASI BERASTANOKA' dijalankan dengan bacaan doa selamat.

(Peringatan : Ada pun upacara 'Istiadat Tabal Jin' ini hendaklah disempurnakan mengikut Adat Istiadat Pertabalan yang asalnya....ia itu mengikut cara yang dilakukan dari turun temurun tanpa menukarkan ciri-ciri adat yang asal.... barulah sempurna dan dapat di ketahui sama ada direstui oleh JIN KERAJAN Perak yang akan mendampingi Baginda. Kalau tidak Istiadat Upacara tersebut hanya lah merupakan suatu Istiadat Biasa sahaja.... tiada berkerajan....)